钢铁企业碳排放连续监测策略和应用

Strategy and Application of Continuous Carbon Emission Monitoring in Steel Manufacture Factory

摘要: 碳排放监测是实现碳排放精准计量的主要技术手段，是碳核查和碳交易体系的重要支撑。全球钢铁行业碳排放占总碳排放的7%，但钢铁行业碳素流比火电行业复杂，碳排放监测工作开展较少。本文分析了一系列适用于钢铁企业碳排放监测的气体流量和成分测量手段。通过对长流程钢铁企业进行碳素流梳理，明确了球团烧结、炼铁、炼钢、轧钢等各工序的碳监测策略。针对某一具体的钢铁企业进行碳排放监测，必须充分了解企业的设备工装、技术路线、产能匹配、环保能力等，并以此制定监测策略。在监测资源有限的情况下，应重点对球团、烧结、热风炉、轧钢加热炉和热电厂进行监测。对某企业轧钢加热炉进行碳排放监测表明该企业4条轧钢生产线正常运转日均排放1107吨CO₂，与理论计算值差距6.9%，可归因于生产工艺调整造成排放波动和无组织排放。

Abstract: Carbon emission monitoring is the primary technical method to acquire accurate carbon emission measurement, and it is strongly supportive to the carbon emission trading system. The carbon emission in steel manufacturing industry counts for 7% of the gross carbon emission globally. Carbon emission monitoring is seldom performed due to the complexity of the carbon flow within a steel factory in comparison with a power plant. In this paper, various techniques and devices concerning gas flow and chemical composition measurement that are practical in a steel factory are analyzed. A proper carbon emission monitoring strategy fitting pelletizing, sintering, blast furnace, converter, rolling and power station in a steel factory is proposed in accordance with interpretation of the carbon flow in an integral process steel factory. A fully understanding of the manufacturing equipment, process, producing compatibility and pollution containment capacity of the specific steel factory is necessary before performing the monitoring. The monitoring concerning pelleting, sintering, intermittent stove, rolling heating furnace and power station shall be prior in case that the monitoring resources are finite. A carbon emission monitoring was performed in a rolling workshop owning 4 rolling lines of a certain enterprise. It indicated that the workshop emits 1107 t of carbon dioxide daily, which is 6.9% lower than the theoretical value due to the fluctuation of manufacturing and unorganized emission.