视觉语法视角下电影海报的多模态话语分析——以《坠落的审判》为例

A Multimodal Discourse Analysis of Movie Posters from the Perspective of Visual Grammar—Taking the Anatomy of a Fall as an Example

摘要: 电影海报是融合图像、文字、色彩和空间等多种符号资源的多模态文本。文章以电影《坠落的审判》国际版与中国版海报为研究对象，基于视觉语法理论，从再现意义、互动意义和构图意义三个层面对两版海报进行比较分析，并结合符号学与叙事学考察其跨文化传播中的意义建构。研究发现，国际版海报主要通过俯视视角、远景构图、低饱和色彩和大面积留白，突出影片的开放性与思辨性；中国版海报则借助多场景拼贴、人物特写、情感化文字和高对比度色彩，强化案件冲突与情感表达。两版海报的差异表明，电影海报并非对影片内容的简单复制，而是在不同传播语境中对影片叙事和文化意义进行的重新组织。

Abstract: Film posters are multimodal texts integrating images, language, color, and spatial design. Taking the international and Chinese posters of Anatomy of a Fall as research materials, this study, based on the theory of visual grammar, conducts a comparative analysis of the two posters from three dimensions: representational meaning, interactive meaning, and compositional meaning. Semiotic and narratological perspectives are also employed to examine the construction of meaning in cross-cultural communication. The findings show that the international poster emphasizes openness and reflection through a top-down perspective, long shot, low-saturation colors, and extensive white space, whereas the Chinese poster highlights case conflict and emotional expression through multi-scene collage, close-ups, emotionally charged text, and strong color contrast. The differences demonstrate that film posters are not simple reproductions of films, but reconfigurations of cinematic narratives and cultural meanings in different communicative contexts.