亚热带屋顶短期干旱下园林植物光合日动态及其生理响应
Photosynthetic Diurnal Dynamics and Physiological Responses of Landscape Plants to Short-Term Drought on Subtropical Rooftops
摘要: 目的：探究72 h短期干旱对华南典型屋顶绿化植物光合日动态的影响，揭示其干旱适应机制，为亚热带粗放式屋顶绿化节水灌溉与耐旱植物筛选提供理论依据。方法：以华南地区常用园林植物蚌花为试验材料，设置正常供水对照组(CK)、短期干旱处理组(D)，于8:00、11:00、14:00和17:00同步测定净光合速率(Pn)、气孔导度(gs)、胞间CO2浓度(Ci)、蒸腾速率(Tr) 4项叶片气体交换参数，分析光合生理的日动态变化。结果：短期干旱对Pn的抑制存在明显时段特异性，正午D处理Pn显著低于CK，而清晨与傍晚两组无显著差异；各时刻gs与Tr均无组间显著差异，而Ci在午间大幅降低，表明正午光合受抑以非气孔限制为主导；傍晚各参数可恢复至对照水平，未造成不可逆损伤。结论：供试植物在短期干旱下呈现“正午受抑–傍晚恢复”的光合日动态模式，正午受抑以非气孔限制为主导且具有可逆性。研究结果可为粗放型屋顶绿化灌溉管理及耐旱植物筛选提供参考。
Abstract: Objective: This study investigated the effects of 72 h short-term drought on the diurnal photosynthetic dynamics of a typical subtropical green roof plant and revealed its drought adaptation mechanisms, aiming to provide a theoretical basis for water-saving irrigation and drought-tolerant plant selection on extensive green roofs in subtropical regions. Methods: Tradescantia spathacea, a commonly used landscape plant in South China, was selected as the test material. Two water treatments were established: well-watered control (CK) and short‑term drought treatment (D). Four leaf gas exchange parameters, including net photosynthetic rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (gs), intercellular CO₂ concentration (Ci), and transpiration rate (Tr), were synchronously measured at 08:00, 11:00, 14:00 and 17:00 to analyze the diurnal dynamics of photosynthetic physiology. Results: The inhibition of Pn by short-term drought exhibited distinct time-specificity: Pn in the D treatment was significantly lower than that in CK only at midday, with no significant differences between the two groups in the morning and evening. Stomatal conductance and transpiration rate showed no significant differences between treatments at all measured time points, whereas Ci decreased substantially at midday, indicating that the midday photosynthetic depression was predominantly attributed to non-stomatal limitation. All photosynthetic parameters in the D treatment recovered to control levels by the evening, suggesting that no irreversible damage to photosynthetic capacity was caused. Conclusion: The tested landscape plants exhibited a “midday depression—evening recovery” diurnal photosynthetic response pattern under short-term drought, with the midday photosynthetic depression dominated by non-stomatal limitation and the inhibition being reversible. These findings provide a reference for irrigation management and drought-tolerant plant selection on extensive green roofs.
文章引用：陈惠珊, 潘澜. 亚热带屋顶短期干旱下园林植物光合日动态及其生理响应[J]. 林业世界, 2026, 15(4): 827-835. https://doi.org/10.12677/wjf.2026.154096

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