孔子论“言”思想及其内涵研究

A Study on Confucius’ Thoughts on “Speech” and Its Connotations

摘要: “言”是孔子思想体系的重要组成部分，也是其教育实践的核心载体之一。孔子以“有德者必有言，有言者不必有德”“不知言，无以知人也”“不学诗，无以言”“言之无文，行而不远”等命题为核心，构建了一套以德言共生、文质并重为核心理念的言语教育思想体系。这一体系并非单纯的语言表达训练，而是将言语与德行修养、人格塑造、文化传承、社会交往深度融合，形成了贯穿中国传统教育始终的言语教化传统。本文以孔子论“言”的核心命题为线索，结合春秋时期的社会语境，系统解析其言语教育思想的内涵、实践路径与历史影响。

Abstract: “Speech” constitutes an important component of Confucius’ ideological system and serves as one of the core carriers of his educational practice. Centered on propositions including “A virtuous man is sure to have worthy speech, yet one with worthy speech may not necessarily be virtuous”, “He who does not understand speech cannot understand people”, “Without learning the Odes, one has no means to speak properly”, and “Speech without refinement will not spread far”, Confucius established a system of thought on speech education, with the coexistence of virtue and speech as well as the balance between substance and refinement as its core tenets. Rather than mere training in linguistic expression, this system integrates speech profoundly with moral cultivation, personality formation, cultural inheritance and social communication, giving rise to the tradition of speech edification that runs through traditional Chinese education. Taking Confucius’ core propositions on “speech” as the thread and combining the social context of the Spring and Autumn Period, this paper systematically analyzes the connotation, practical approaches and historical influence of his thought on speech education.