控制–价值理论在二语习得领域的研究脉络与展望

Control-Value Appraisals in Second Language Acquisition: Research Trajectory and Future Directions

摘要: 控制–价值理论(Control-Value Theory, CVT)是教育心理学领域解释学业情绪产生机制及其对学习行为影响的重要理论框架，近年来逐步被引入二语习得研究。本文系统梳理了控制–价值评价的概念内涵、结构维度与测量方法，阐述了CVT关于控制评价与价值评价交互影响学业情绪的核心假设，并回顾了该理论在外语学习情境中的应用进展。研究发现，控制评价主要涉及学习者对自身能力的信念与对结果的预期，价值评价则涵盖内在价值与外在价值两个维度；二者共同作用于学业情绪，并通过情绪进一步影响学习投入与学业成绩。现有实证研究表明，CVT在解释外语课堂焦虑、愉悦与无聊等情绪方面具有较强的适用性，但相关研究仍以大学生群体为主，缺乏对不同学段、不同语言技能情境的系统考察，且多以大学生横断面问卷调研为主，测量手段单一，缺乏动态、实验类证据支撑。本文系统评述各类测量工具的优劣，引入多元研究范式，并构建具体化、可操作的二语习得CVT未来研究议程，为后续相关实证研究提供路径选择。

Abstract: The Control-Value Theory (CVT) is a prominent theoretical framework in educational psychology that explains the mechanisms underlying academic emotions and their influence on learning behaviors. In recent years, CVT has been progressively introduced into the field of second language acquisition (SLA). This paper systematically reviews the conceptual definitions, structural dimensions, and measurement approaches of control-value appraisals, elaborates on CVT’s core assumptions regarding the interactive effects of control and value appraisals on academic emotions, and summarizes the application of this theory in foreign language learning contexts. The review reveals that control appraisals primarily involve learners’ beliefs about their own competence and outcome expectations, while value appraisals encompass both intrinsic and extrinsic dimensions; together, they shape academic emotions, which in turn influence learning engagement and academic achievement. Existing empirical studies indicate that CVT demonstrates strong applicability in explaining emotions such as foreign language classroom anxiety, enjoyment, and boredom. However, most research has focused on university students, with insufficient attention to systematic investigation across different educational stages and language skill contexts. Furthermore, most studies rely on cross-sectional questionnaire surveys of university students, featuring single measurement methods and insufficient dynamic or empirical experimental evidence. This paper systematically evaluates the strengths and limitations of measurement tools, introduces multiple research paradigms and constructs a concrete and actionable future research agenda for CVT in SLA, so as to provide pathways for subsequent empirical studies in this field.