可用性工程在人工智能医疗器械中的研究进展
Research Progress in Usability Engineering for Artificial Intelligence Medical Device
摘要: 人工智能医疗器械(AIMD)正成为推动医疗服务升级的重要力量，可用性工程旨在识别人机交互过程中可能出现的使用问题。本文系统回顾了人工智能医疗器械和可用性工程的标准发展现状，在此基础上总结了AIMD可用性工程的两大挑战：AI系统自身属性(持续学习能力、输出的概率性以及可解释性)带来的传统评价框架局限，以及用户认知层面(认知负荷、心理模型失配、信任失衡)引发的使用错误风险，基于此，本文旨在为AIMD的可用性设计提供系统参考，并对未来发展趋势作出展望，助力其实现智能化与人性化的协同发展。
Abstract: Artificial Intelligence Medical Device (AIMD) are becoming a key driver of medical service upgrading. Usability engineering aims to identify use-related issues that may arise during human-machine interaction. This paper systematically reviews the current state of standards and research in usability engineering for AIMDs and, on this basis, summarizes two major challenges: (1) the limitations of traditional evaluation frameworks imposed by the inherent attributes of AI systems—continuous learning, probabilistic outputs, and explainability—and (2) the risk of use errors triggered by the cognitive layer of users, including cognitive load, mental model mismatch, and trust imbalance. Accordingly, this paper aims to provide systematic references for the usability design of AIMD and to outline future development trends, contributing to the coordinated advancement of intelligence and human-centeredness in AIMD.
文章引用：付若楠. 可用性工程在人工智能医疗器械中的研究进展[J]. 仪器与设备, 2026, 14(4): 475-482. https://doi.org/10.12677/iae.2026.144052

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