创造力的影响因素研究综述
A Review of Research on Factors Influencing Creativity
DOI: 10.12677/ap.2026.1610477, PDF,   
作者: 黄 湘：苏州大学教育学院，江苏 苏州
关键词: 创造力；个体差异；环境因素；Creativity； Individual Differences； Environmental Factors
摘要: 创造力作为推动社会进步与个体发展的关键驱动力，已引起众多学者的广泛关注。无论是变量的测量，还是其影响因素的研究都是心理学领域的核心议题。本文基于以往的实证研究，梳理了个体差异(生理和遗传因素、人格特质)和后天环境(家庭、社会)对创造力表现和发展的关键作用。相关研究表明，催产素和多巴胺系统相关基因的表达水平较高、大脑前部和右部的θ1波活动增强以及人格特质中外向性较突出的个体往往展现出更强的创造力。在环境因素方面，家庭的社会经济地位、父母的教养方式、教师与同伴的支持等，对学生的创造力表达具有重要影响，而工作–家庭渗透等因素则会对员工的创造力产生作用。此外，社会排斥可能引发创造力的“阴暗面”，即恶意创造力。后续研究可以进一步运用纵向研究设计，深入探讨个体差异与后天环境之间的交互作用对创造力动态变化的影响。同时，随着人工智能技术的蓬勃发展，需要进一步探索AI对个体创造力发展的影响，包括探讨在不同情境和任务类型下，AI到底是抑制还是激发了人类的创造力，以及如何优化AI的应用方式，使其成为促进创造力提升的有力工具，进而借助AI技术推动个体创造力的培养和社会整体的进步。
Abstract: As a key driving force behind social progress and individual development, creativity has attracted extensive scholarly attention. Whether from the perspective of variable measurement or the study of its influencing factors, creativity has become a core topic in psychological research. Drawing on previous empirical studies, this paper reviews the critical roles of individual differences (physiological and genetic factors, personality traits) and acquired environments (family and society) in the expression and development of creativity. Relevant research indicates that individuals with higher expression levels of genes related to the oxytocin and dopamine systems, enhanced theta1 wave activity in the anterior and right brain regions, and higher extraversion tend to exhibit stronger creativity. With regard to environmental factors, family socioeconomic status, parenting styles, and support from teachers and peers exert important influences on students’ creative expression, whereas factors such as work-family permeation affect employees’ creativity. In addition, social exclusion may trigger the “dark side” of creativity, namely malevolent creativity. Future research could employ longitudinal designs to further examine how the interaction between individual differences and acquired environments influences dynamic changes in creativity. Meanwhile, with the rapid advancement of artificial intelligence, further research is needed to explore the impact of AI on the development of individual creativity, including whether AI inhibits or stimulates human creativity across different contexts and task types, and how to optimize the application of AI so that it can serve as a powerful tool for enhancing creativity. Such efforts could, in turn, promote the cultivation of individual creativity and overall social progress through AI technology.
文章引用：黄湘 (2026). 创造力的影响因素研究综述. 心理学进展, 16(10), 136-144. https://doi.org/10.12677/ap.2026.1610477

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