绿色转型背景下伊春市生态旅游与林下产业融合经营模式及效益管理研究

Integrated Operation Models and Benefit Management of Ecotourism and Under-Forest Industries in Yichun in the Context of Green Transformation

摘要: 目的：在重点国有林区绿色转型与高质量发展背景下，梳理伊春市生态旅游与林下产业融合经营的资源基础、运行模式和效益管理逻辑，识别制约生态优势持续转化的关键环节。方法：以2024~2026年伊春市政府工作报告、统计公报和公开报道为主要现实资料，结合生态产品价值实现、林下经济、森林康养与森林食品产业相关文献，采用文献分析、政策文本分析、典型实践归纳和比较分析方法。结果：伊春已形成森林康养与林下体验、景区与森林食品消费、林药与康养研学、地企协同与生态权益转化等融合形态，生态旅游扩容和桦树汁、北药、森林食品产业升级呈现相互引流趋势，但仍存在产品联动浅、淡旺季错配、收益分配与公共反哺机制不够稳定、跨部门数据分散和生态承载约束难以进入经营考核等问题。结论：应构建“资源识别–场景融合–价值增值–收益共享–生态再投入”的经营闭环，并以经济、生态、社会和治理四维效益管理体系统筹融合发展的综合效益与长期可持续性。

Abstract: Objective: Against the background of green transformation and high-quality development in key state-owned forest regions, this study examines the resource base, operating models, and benefit-management logic of integrated ecotourism and under-forest industries in Yichun, and identifies key constraints on the sustained conversion of ecological advantages into development value. Methods: The study draws on Yichun municipal government work reports, statistical bulletins, and public reports from 2024 to 2026, together with literature on ecological product value realization, the under-forest economy, forest-based wellness, and forest food industries. Literature analysis, policy text analysis, synthesis of typical practices, and comparative analysis are employed. Results: Yichun has developed four forms of integration: forest-based wellness with under-forest experiences; scenic areas with forest food consumption; medicinal plants with wellness-related research and study; and local government-enterprise cooperation with ecological rights conversion. Ecotourism expansion and the upgrading of birch sap, medicinal plants, and forest food industries increasingly reinforce each other. However, product linkages remain shallow, peak and off-peak seasons are poorly matched, benefit-sharing and public reinvestment mechanisms are not sufficiently stable, cross-departmental data are fragmented, and ecological carrying-capacity constraints are not adequately incorporated into operating assessments. Conclusion: Yichun should establish a closed operating loop of resource identification—scenario integration—value enhancement—benefit sharing—ecological reinvestment and adopt a four-dimensional benefit-management system covering economic, ecological, social, and governance outcomes to coordinate the comprehensive benefits and long-term sustainability of integrated development.