新课标背景下初中体育大单元教学设计与案例研究——以双手头上前掷实心球为例

Design and Case Study of Large-Unit Teaching in Junior High School Physical Education under the Background of the New Curriculum Standards—Taking the Standing Overhead Forward Throw of a Medicine Ball as an Example

摘要: 本研究旨在考察新课程标准实施背景下初中体育大单元教学设计的具体路径，并以双手头上前掷实心球为例，说明此类教学安排对学生体育与健康学科核心素养发展的作用。研究采用准实验研究设计，探讨体育大单元教学对学生运动技能学习效果的影响。研究对象为某初中八年级学生，通过前测、教学干预和后测，对学生实心球投掷距离、技术动作质量及学习过程表现进行比较分析。教学过程依据体育技能形成规律，将“学、练、赛、评”融入连续课时，通过任务驱动、分层练习、比赛情境和过程评价促进学生技能发展。研究结果表明，大单元教学能够提高学生投掷成绩，改善技术动作质量，并增强学生参与体育学习的积极性。

Abstract: This study aims to explore the practical approaches to the design of large-unit teaching in junior high school physical education under the implementation of the new curriculum standards. Taking the standing overhead forward throw of a medicine ball as an example, this study illustrates the role of such teaching arrangements in promoting the development of students’ core competencies in physical education and health. A quasi-experimental research design was adopted to investigate the effects of large-unit teaching on students’ acquisition of sports skills. The participants were eighth-grade students from a junior high school. Through pre-tests, teaching interventions, and post-tests, comparisons and analyses were conducted regarding students’ medicine ball throwing distance, technical movement quality, and learning process performance. Based on the laws of sports skill development, the teaching process integrated “learning, practicing, competing, and evaluating” throughout a series of continuous lessons. Task-driven learning, differentiated practice, competition-based scenarios, and formative assessment were employed to promote students’ skill development. The results indicate that large-unit teaching can improve students’ throwing performance, enhance the quality of technical movements, and increase students’ enthusiasm and engagement in physical education learning.