生成式人工智能赋能中小学体育教学：现实难题与实践路径

Generative Artificial Intelligence Empowering Physical Education in Primary and Secondary Schools: Real-World Challenges and Practical Pathways

摘要: 生成式人工智能的技术突破，为缓解中小学体育教学中长期存在的“学练脱节”“评价单一”“个性化指导不足”等问题提供了新的技术可能。本研究采用文献研究与理论建构相结合的方法，立足教育数字化战略与体教融合政策背景，系统剖析生成式AI赋能中小学体育教学在基础设施、师生数字素养、数据伦理、技术与教学本体融合四个维度面临的现实困境。在此基础上，提出构建人机协同的课堂教学新范式、打造多模态生成式体育数字资源库、建立精准化运动评价与反馈系统、提升体育教师智能教育素养、构筑安全可控的伦理治理体系五条实践路径。研究认为，生成式AI与体育教学的深度融合，并非技术工具的简单叠加，而是一场涉及教学要素与流程重构的系统性变革。

Abstract: The technological breakthroughs in generative artificial intelligence (AI) offer new possibilities for alleviating long-standing challenges in primary and secondary school physical education, such as the “disconnection between learning and practice,” “monolithic evaluation methods,” and “insufficient personalized guidance.” Employing a combined approach of literature review and theoretical construction, and grounded in the strategic context of education digitalization and the integration of sports and education, this study systematically analyzes the practical difficulties faced by generative AI in empowering physical education in primary and secondary schools across four dimensions: infrastructure, digital literacy of teachers and students, data ethics, and the integration of technology with the pedagogical essence of physical education. On this basis, the study proposes five practical pathways: constructing a new paradigm of human-machine collaborative classroom instruction, developing a multimodal generative sports digital resource library, establishing a precision-based sports evaluation and feedback system, enhancing physical education teachers’ intelligent education literacy, and building a secure and controllable ethical governance system. This study concludes that the deep integration of generative AI and physical education is not a mere superimposition of technological tools, but rather a systemic transformation involving the restructuring of teaching elements and processes.