新工科和人工智能背景下力学创新型实验课程构建与实践

Construction and Practice of Innovative Mechanics Experiment Courses under the Background of Emerging Engineering Education and Artificial Intelligence

摘要: 在新工科与数字化双重驱动下，传统力学实验教学面临体系滞后、模式僵化等困境。本文立足“科教融合、产教融合、数智赋能”理念，构建了以智能装备类项目为载体的力学创新实验课程体系。该体系基于“5M-5C”培养框架，融合多学科知识及有限元仿真、AI编程等数字工具，覆盖从方案设计到迭代优化的完整工程链条，并采用“项目驱动学习兴趣、AI赋能学习方法、翻转课堂创建学习模式”混合教学模式。三年教学实践表明，该体系在夯实学生力学理论基础、提升数字素养与创新能力方面显示出一定潜力，为其他高校力学实验教学改革提供了一套探索性实践路径，但相关结论普适性仍有待更多院校进一步检验。

Abstract: Driven by the dual forces of Emerging Engineering Education and digital transformation, traditional mechanics experiment teaching faces challenges such as outdated systems and rigid teaching modes. Grounded in the principles of “integration of science and education, integration of industry and education, and digital-intelligent empowerment”, this paper constructs an innovative mechanics experiment curriculum system featuring intelligent equipment-oriented projects. Based on the “5M-5C” training framework, the system integrates multidisciplinary knowledge with digital tools including finite element simulation and AI programming, covering the complete engineering chain from scheme design to iterative optimization. It adopts a blended teaching model characterized by “project-driven learning interest, AI-empowered learning methods, and flipped classroom to create learning modes”. Three years of teaching practice indicate that this system demonstrates certain potential in consolidating students’ theoretical foundations in mechanics, enhancing their digital literacy, and fostering innovation capabilities, providing an exploratory practical pathway for the reform of mechanics experiment teaching in other universities; however, the generalizability of the relevant conclusions remains to be further verified across multiple institutions.