穴位贴敷在风热袭肺型非重症老年社区获得性肺炎患者中的应用

Application of Acupoint Application in Nursing of Elderly Patients with Non‑Severe Community‑Acquired Pneumonia of Wind‑Heat Invading Lung Syndrome

摘要: 目的：研究旨在探讨以列缺穴为主的多穴位贴敷疗法对非重症老年社区获得性肺炎(CAP)患者的护理效果。方法：选取2025年1~6月收治的老年CAP患者100例，随机分为试验组和对照组，每组50例。对照组采用常规治疗护理，试验组在此基础上加用双侧列缺、照海、定喘、膻中、天突、肺腧穴位贴敷，连续干预7天。比较两组排痰费力改善率、临床疗效等级、血氧饱和度(SpO₂)、焦虑程度及干预安全性。结果：最终完成研究98例(试验组和对照组各49例)。干预7天后，试验组排痰费力改善率(97.96%)高于对照组(81.63%) (P < 0.05)；临床疗效等级优于对照组(P < 0.001)，临床痊愈率(44.90%)高于对照组(14.29%) (P < 0.001)，试验组以痊愈层级优势体现疗效提升，两组均有较高有效病例，故总有效率无差异。试验组干预后7天SpO₂ (96.54 ± 1.45%)高于对照组(95.12 ± 1.39) (P < 0.05)；焦虑症状改善效果优于对照组(P < 0.05)。干预期间试验组未发生皮肤过敏、破损等不良事件。结论 列缺为主穴位贴敷可有效改善非重症老年CAP患者排痰功能、提升血氧饱和度、缓解负性情绪，显著提升患者临床痊愈率，优化整体康复效果，且干预安全无创、操作性强，适合应用于老年CAP临床护理。

Abstract: Objective: To explore the application efficacy of multi-acupoint application therapy mainly targeting Lieque (LU7) in nursing care for elderly patients with non-severe community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). Methods: A total of 100 elderly patients with CAP admitted between January-June 2025 were enrolled and randomly assigned to an experimental group and a control group, with 50 patients in each group. The control group received conventional treatment and nursing care. On the basis of the routine management, the experimental group was additionally treated with acupoint application on bilateral Lieque (LU7), Zhaohai (KI6), Dingchuan (EX-B1), Tanzhong (CV17), Tiantu (CV22) and Feishu (BL13) for 7 consecutive days. The improvement rate of difficult expectoration, grading of clinical efficacy, peripheral blood oxygen saturation (SpO₂), anxiety level and intervention safety were compared between the two groups. Results: 98 cases (49 cases in the experimental group and 49 cases in the control group) were finally completed. After 7 days of intervention, the improvement rate of difficult expectoration in the experimental group was 97.96%, which was higher than 81.63% in the control group (P < 0.05). The clinical efficacy grading of the experimental group was superior to that of the control group (P < 0.001), and its clinical cure rate (44.90%) was significantly higher than 14.29% of the control group (P < 0.001). No statistically significant difference was found in the total effective rate between the two groups (P > 0.05). The SpO₂ level of the experimental group at day 7 post-intervention was 96.54% ± 1.45%, markedly higher than 95.12% ± 1.39% in the control group (P < 0.05). The relief of anxiety symptoms was more obvious in the experimental group (P < 0.05). No adverse reactions such as skin allergy or skin erosion were observed in the experimental group throughout the intervention period. Conclusion: Acupoint application dominated by Lieque (LU7) can effectively improve expectoration function, elevate blood oxygen saturation and relieve negative emotions in elderly patients with non-severe CAP. It can remarkably raise the clinical cure rate and improve overall rehabilitation outcomes. Moreover, this intervention is safe, non-invasive and easy to operate, which is worthy of wide application in clinical nursing for elderly patients with CAP.