大学生健康管理服务需求意向调查

Survey of College Students’ Needs for Health Management Services

摘要: 为了解大学生健康状况、校内健康管理服务需求、形式偏好及其影响因素，并为高校构建分层、连续、便捷的健康管理服务模式提供依据，本研究于2026年3月在河北省唐山市华北理工大学开展横断面调查。通过问卷星微信小程序面向在校大学生发放匿名问卷，共纳入有效问卷289份。问卷内容包括人口学特征、健康状况与行为、主要健康问题、现患疾病、健康管理需求、服务形式及预约偏好。本次分析将年龄按17~19岁、20~22岁、23~25岁和25岁以上分组，专业类别分为医科和非医科，睡眠时间分为不足6小时和6小时及以上，健康问题数量分为<2项、2~4项和>4项，并纳入现患疾病情况；自评健康不纳入分析。采用χ²检验和二元Logistic回归分析需求意向的相关因素，年龄按四分类变量纳入多因素模型。校内健康管理服务需求意向率为68.5%；主要健康问题为运动不足(52.9%)、肠胃不适(52.6%)和情绪问题(51.2%)，有现患疾病者占45.3%。单因素分析显示，年龄、专业类别、月生活费、运动频次和吸烟饮酒情况与需求意向有关(P < 0.05)，性别、睡眠时间、体检情况、现患疾病和健康问题数量差异无统计学意义(P > 0.05)。多因素分析显示，年龄总体效应及月生活费与需求意向存在独立统计学关联，其中23~25岁学生的健康服务需求意向高于20~22岁组，月生活费 > 2000元者的需求意向较低；其余变量未显示独立统计学关联。结果提示，大学生校内健康管理需求较高且呈多维化、数字化特征，高校可结合年龄、经济状况和健康行为特征开展分层服务，并整合心理、营养、运动、睡眠和卫生保健资源。

Abstract: To understand the health status of college students, the demand for campus health management services, format preferences, and their influencing factors, and to provide a basis for universities to build a tiered, continuous, and convenient health management service model, this study conducted a cross-sectional survey in March 2026 at North China University of Science and Technology in Tangshan City, Hebei Province. Anonymous questionnaires were distributed to college students via a WeChat mini-program, and a total of 289 valid questionnaires were collected. The questionnaire content included demographic characteristics, health status and behaviors, main health problems, current diseases, health management needs, service formats, and appointment preferences. For this analysis, age was grouped into 17~19, 20~22, 23~25, and >25 years; major category was divided into medical and non-medical; sleep duration was divided into less than 6 hours and 6 hours or more; and the number of health problems was categorized as <2, 2~4, and >4, with current disease status included. Self-rated health was not included in the analysis. The chi-square test and binary Logistic regression were used to analyze factors related to service intention, with age included in the multivariate model as a four-category variable. The intention rate for using campus health management services was 68.5%; the main health problems were insufficient exercise (52.9%), gastrointestinal discomfort (52.6%), and emotional problems (51.2%), and 45.3% of students had current diseases. Univariate analysis showed that age, major category, monthly living expenses, exercise frequency, and smoking/drinking status were related to service intention (P < 0.05), while gender, sleep duration, physical examination status, current disease, and number of health problems showed no statistically significant differences (P > 0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that the overall effect of age and monthly living expenses were independently statistically associated with service intention. Among them, students aged 23~25 had a higher intention to demand health services than those aged 20~22, and those with monthly living expenses > 2000 yuan had a lower intention; the remaining variables showed no independent statistical association. The results suggest that college students have high demand for campus health management, characterized by diversification and digitalization. Universities can carry out tiered services based on age, economic status, and health behavior characteristics, and integrate psychological, nutritional, exercise, sleep, and primary health care resources.