从保障兜底到发展赋能：高校资助育人高质量发展的逻辑、困境与路径

From Security Support to Development Empowerment: Logic, Dilemma and Path of High-Quality Development of University Student-Aided Education

摘要: 高校资助育人是落实立德树人根本任务、维护教育公平的关键抓手，正经历由“保障型资助”向“保障与发展并重”的范式转型。当前，资助育人不再局限于解决家庭经济困难学生的物质匮乏问题，不仅承担经济解困的底线功能，更肩负价值引领、扶志扶智、人格培育、能力提升的综合育人使命，成为阻断贫困代际传递、培育时代新人、推进高等教育治理现代化的重要制度载体。当前实践场域中还存在资助与育人“两张皮”现象未能得到根本破解、精准识别面临隐性贫困与相对贫困带来的现实阻滞、多元协同育人机制运转不畅、数字化赋能深度不足、育人成效评价体系不完善、受助学生心理关怀与主体性培育缺位等多重现实问题。立足发展型资助核心理念，应当坚持立德树人根本导向，从强化价值引领、完善全链条精准资助运行体系、构建多方联动的多元协同育人生态、推进数字技术深度赋能智慧资助、健全闭环式成效评价与风险防控机制五个维度综合施策，兼顾物质帮扶、心理疏导、能力培养与精神塑造，真正实现“扶困、扶智、扶志”有机统一，推动高校资助育人事业迈向更高质量、更可持续的发展阶段。

Abstract: University student-aided education is a key measure to implement the fundamental task of fostering virtue through education and safeguard educational equity, which is undergoing a paradigm transformation from “security-oriented funding” to “equal emphasis on security and development”. Currently, student-aided education is no longer limited to addressing material deprivation among students from financially disadvantaged families. It not only undertakes the bottom-line function of relieving economic pressure, but also shoulders the comprehensive educational missions including value guidance, aspiration-wisdom cultivation, personality shaping and capacity improvement. It serves as a vital institutional carrier for intergenerational poverty alleviation, cultivating new-era talents and advancing the modernization of higher-education governance. Nevertheless, practical challenges remain: the longstanding separation between financial support and educational function has not been fundamentally resolved; accurate identification of disadvantaged students is hindered by hidden and relative poverty; multi-agent collaborative mechanisms operate inefficiently; digital empowerment is insufficient; the evaluation system for educational outcomes needs improvement; and psychological care as well as subjectivity cultivation for aided students are inadequate. Based on the core concept of development-oriented funding, universities should adhere to the fundamental goal of fostering virtue through education. Comprehensive countermeasures are proposed: strengthening value guidance, optimizing the whole-chain precise funding system, constructing multi-party collaborative educational ecosystem, promoting in-depth digital empowerment for smart student aid, and establishing closed-loop outcome evaluation together with risk prevention-control mechanism. Balancing material support, psychological counseling, competence training and spiritual cultivation, universities can realize the organic integration of poverty relief, intellectual improvement and aspiration cultivation, so as to promote higher-quality and more sustainable development of university student-aided education.