注气提采技术应用研究综述
A Review of Application Studies on Gas-Injection Enhanced Oil Recovery
摘要: 针对高含水老油田、低渗–致密及缝洞型油藏的剩余油动用问题，本文在明确提高原油采收率(EOR)与提高天然气采收率(EGR)应用边界的基础上，分析CO2、烃气、N2、空气和烟道气的作用机理与适用条件，并比较连续气驱、水气交替(WAG)、吞吐、重力稳定驱及泡沫辅助等注入方式。国内外项目实践表明，混相主要改善微观驱油效率，而强非均质油藏的开发效果更多取决于流度控制、注入剖面调整和采出气循环。注气效果受气源、油藏、井网与地面设施系统匹配的共同制约。CCUS-EOR的环境效益应依据净封存量、全生命周期排放和长期监测结果进行评价。未来应重点推进差异化注气方案、耐高温高盐控窜材料、智能闭环调控、源汇集群建设及EOR向永久封存转换技术。
Abstract: To address the challenges of mobilizing remaining oil in mature high-water-cut fields, low-permeability to tight reservoirs, and fractured-vuggy reservoirs, this paper clarifies the application boundaries between enhanced oil recovery (EOR) and enhanced gas recovery (EGR). It examines the mechanisms and applicability of CO2, hydrocarbon gas, N2, air, and flue gas, and compares continuous gas injection, water-alternating-gas (WAG) injection, huff-and-puff, gravity-stabilized displacement, and foam-assisted injection. Field experience in China and other countries shows that miscibility mainly improves microscopic displacement efficiency, whereas performance in strongly heterogeneous reservoirs depends more on mobility control, injection-profile management, and produced-gas recycling. Gas-injection performance is jointly governed by the systematic matching of gas supply, reservoir conditions, well patterns, and surface facilities. The environmental benefits of CCUS-EOR should be evaluated based on net CO2 storage, life-cycle emissions, and long-term monitoring results. Future priorities include reservoir-specific injection strategies, high-temperature and high-salinity conformance-control materials, intelligent closed-loop control, source-sink cluster development, and the transition from EOR to permanent CO2 storage.
文章引用：周靖淞, 饶志刚, 刘丽娟, 邱丽月, 姜弘志, 于秋萍. 注气提采技术应用研究综述[J]. 地球科学前沿, 2026, 16(10): 1432-1445. https://doi.org/10.12677/ag.2026.1610127

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