人机交流视域下大学生亲密关系情感代偿发展研究

Research on the Development of Emotional Compensation in College Students’ Intimate Relationships from the Perspective of Human-Machine Communication

摘要: 数字技术的深度渗透推动大学生亲密关系建构从线下互动转向虚实共生模式，人机交流行为逐渐成为其应对现实情感压力、寻求情感支持的重要代偿途径。现有研究多聚焦于虚拟情感的短期情绪调节效应，却对情感代偿的内部分化机制、人机互动从“补充”到“替代”的路径差异及长期心理影响缺乏系统阐释。本文以“情境–体验–心理状态”三维耦合为分析框架，系统梳理情感代偿理论、人机交流情感效能与大学生亲密关系需求的研究脉络，剖析当前研究在理论整合、机制揭示、方法应用与实践转化等方面的局限与缺口。研究发现，情感代偿已从早期“消极替代”的单一认知，演进为“健康补充–情感逃逸–关系替代”的多元路径模型；人机交流的短期情绪调节效能已得到实证支持，但长期依赖的潜在风险仍需警惕；大学生群体在现实关系压力、虚拟体验感知与个体心理状态的共同作用下，呈现出差异化的情感代偿行为逻辑。本研究属于文献整合与思辨分析类研究，尚未通过原创实证数据检验多元路径模型的现实分布特征与三维耦合框架的解释效力，后续有待实证研究进一步验证。未来研究应构建整合性理论框架，采用混合研究方法深化因果机制与长期效应探讨，并强化实践导向，为高校心理健康服务、AI情感产品伦理设计与社会治理提供学术支撑。

Abstract: The profound penetration of digital technology has driven the construction of college students’ intimate relationships from offline interaction to a virtual-real symbiosis mode, and human-machine interaction has gradually become an important compensatory way for them to cope with real emotional pressure and seek emotional support. Existing studies mostly focus on the short-term emotion regulation effect of virtual emotions, but lack systematic explanation on the internal differentiation mechanism of emotional compensation, the path differences of human-machine interaction from “supplement” to “substitution” and its long-term psychological impact. Taking the three-dimensional coupling of “situation-experience-psychological state” as the analytical framework, this paper systematically sorts out the research context of emotional compensation theory, human-machine interaction emotional efficacy and college students’ intimate relationship needs, and analyzes the limitations and gaps in current research in theoretical integration, mechanism revelation, method application and practical transformation. The study finds that the cognition of emotional compensation has evolved from the single view of “negative substitution” in the early stage to a multi-path model of “healthy supplement-emotional escape-relationship substitution”; the short-term emotion regulation efficacy of human-machine interaction has been empirically supported, but the potential risks of long-term dependence still need to be vigilant; under the joint action of real relationship pressure, virtual experience perception and individual psychological state, college students present differentiated behavioral logic of emotional compensation. This paper adopts literature synthesis and speculative analysis, without original empirical data to test the actual distribution of the multi-path model and explanatory power of the three-dimensional coupling framework, which awaits further empirical verification. Future research should construct an integrated theoretical framework, adopt mixed research methods to deepen the exploration of causal mechanism and long-term effects, and strengthen the practical orientation to provide academic support for college mental health services, ethical design of AI emotional products and social governance.