发展型资助视域下高校困难生深度帮扶的逻辑转换与实践路径

The Logical Transformation and Practical Pathways of In-Depth Support for Financially Disadvantaged College Students from the Perspective of Developmental Financial Aid

摘要: 当前高校困难生资助工作正从保障型向发展型转型，如何实现“解困–育人–成才–回馈”的良性循环成为重要课题。本文基于发展型资助理论与赋能理论，系统分析其生存、心理与发展三重危机，构建“经济资助、心理支持、成长赋能”三位一体帮扶体系。通过紧急经济干预、勤工俭学缓解经济压力，辅导员谈心、朋辈陪伴修复心理创伤，学业辅导、职业规划等分阶段精准措施，有效化解了学生的辍学风险与心理危机，实现了从“受助”到“自助”再到“助人”的积极转变。研究表明，发展型资助模式能够有效破解经济救助与精神帮扶的困境，为高校构建精准化、长效化的困难生帮扶机制提供了可操作的路径参考。

Abstract: Currently, financial aid for economically disadvantaged college students in China is undergoing a paradigm shift from a relief-based model to a development-oriented approach. Achieving a virtuous cycle of “relieving hardship, nurturing the whole person, developing talent, and giving back to society” has emerged as a critical research and practical priority. Drawing on developmental aid theory and empowerment frameworks, this paper examines the intersecting crises of survival, mental health, and developmental stagnation among low-income undergraduates, proposing a holistic support model that integrates financial aid, psychological scaffolding, and developmental capacity-building. A phased intervention strategy integrating immediate economic support, campus work-study programs, counselor consultations, peer mentoring, academic coaching, and vocational guidance successfully resolved both the dropout risk and the mental health crisis, enabling a progressive shift from “receiving help” to “self-help” and finally to “helping others”. Research shows that development-oriented student aid effectively breaks the deadlock between financial rescue and spiritual mentoring, furnishing universities with operational reference points for establishing refined, enduring support frameworks for underprivileged undergraduates.