基于Kolb模型的教学实习船航海实习《海洋学概论》实施路径研究

Research on the Implementation Path of Introduction to Oceanography for Sea-Going Internship Aboard Training Ships Based on Kolb’s Experiential Learning Model

摘要: 航海实习是航海类专业开展海洋学实景实践教学的核心环节，教学实习船是海上实训开展的主要依托平台。针对《海洋学概论》在教学实习船场景下落地难的问题，本文引入Kolb体验式学习模型搭建课程实施框架，把教学过程划分为实景体验、观察反思、抽象概括、主动应用四个闭环环节。立足教学实习船的实训条件，剖析课程存在实景体验受限、教学设计层次单一、教学资源更新滞后、考核形式单一、师资海上实践能力不足等问题，提出优化实训组织、实施分层差异化授课、更新前沿教学资源、建立多元考核模式、完善师资培养机制的改进对策。研究可为航海类专业《海洋学概论》海上实习教学改革提供参考，对教学实习船平台下的实践教学具备借鉴价值。

Abstract: Sea-going internship constitutes a core component of field-based oceanography practical teaching for maritime majors, and training ships serve as the primary platform for offshore practical training. Aiming at the difficulties in implementing Introduction to Oceanography aboard training ships, this paper constructs a curriculum implementation framework adopting Kolb’s Experiential Learning Model. The teaching process is divided into four closed-loop phases: concrete experience, reflective observation, abstract conceptualization, and active experimentation. Considering the practical constraints of training ships, this paper analyzes prominent problems in course delivery, including limited field experience, single-tier teaching design, outdated teaching resources, monotonous assessment forms, and teachers’ insufficient offshore practical competence. Corresponding improvement countermeasures are proposed: optimizing practical training organization, implementing differentiated teaching, updating cutting-edge teaching resources, establishing diversified assessment modes, and perfecting teacher-training mechanisms. This research can provide references for the teaching reform of Introduction to Oceanography in sea-going internships for maritime majors and offer practical implications for practical teaching conducted aboard training ships.