县域电商与物流协同发展的演化路径研究——基于行动者网络理论的分析

The Evolutionary Path of Synergistic Development between County E-Commerce and Logistics: An Analysis Based on Actor-Network Theory

摘要: 县域电商与物流的协同发展是数字经济赋能乡村振兴的关键议题。本文以行动者网络理论为分析透镜，将政府、平台企业、物流公司、农户、消费者等异质性行动者纳入统一框架，系统考察县域电商与物流协同网络的建构逻辑与演化路径。研究发现，县域电商物流协同网络的演化呈现出“政策导入期–产业适配期–能力内生期”的三阶段递进特征。在政策导入期，政府作为核心行动者通过制度设计与资源投放完成对农户和物流企业等行动者的招募与转译，突破“零基础门槛”；在产业适配期，核心行动者从政府向平台企业和链主企业转移，转译机制从行政指令转向利益共享；在能力内生期，网络呈现去中心化态势，多元行动者形成稳定的利益耦合。本文以浙江省C县为典型案例，系统解析其电商物流协同发展的实践历程，为同类型县域提供理论参照。

Abstract: The synergistic development of county e-commerce and logistics is a critical issue in empowering rural revitalization through the digital economy. Using Actor-Network Theory (ANT) as an analytical lens, this study incorporates heterogeneous actors—including governments, platform enterprises, logistics companies, farmers, and consumers—into a unified framework to systematically examine the construction logic and evolutionary path of the synergy network between county e-commerce and logistics. The findings reveal a three-stage progressive feature in the evolution of the county e-commerce-logistics synergy network: the “policy introduction stage—industry adaptation stage—endogenous capability stage.” In the policy introduction stage, the government acts as the core actor, completing the recruitment and translation of actors such as farmers and logistics enterprises through institutional design and resource allocation, thereby breaking the “zero-base threshold.” In the industry adaptation stage, the core actor role shifts from the government to platform enterprises and lead firms, and the translation mechanism transitions from administrative directives to benefit sharing. In the endogenous capability stage, the network exhibits a decentralized trend, with multiple actors forming stable interest coupling. Taking County C in Zhejiang Province as a typical case, this paper systematically analyzes the practical process of its e-commerce-logistics synergistic development, providing a theoretical reference for similar counties.