张掖方言“着”的语法化

Grammaticalization of “Zhe” in the Zhangye Dialect

摘要: 西北方言的“着”，承担动词、处所介词、语气词、体貌助词多种功能，学界对此多有关注。徐丹(1995)、高福生(1999)、杨永龙(2002)、邢向东(2004)先后对“着”的处所介词、体貌助词和祈使语气词功能进行探讨；罗自群(2011)针对“着”的地理分布和接触性演变进行考察。张掖身处河西走廊，深受SOV语言影响，本文结合江蓝生(2016)提出的语法化的诱因——超常组合和语义羡余和范晓蕾(2025)提出的接触性语法演变的机制，探讨张掖方言“着”的使用及语法化过程。

Abstract: “Zhe” in Northwest Chinese dialects bears multiple grammatical functions, acting as a verb, locative preposition, modal particle, and aspectual auxiliary, and has long drawn wide academic attention. Scholars including Xu Dan (1995), Gao Fusheng (1999), Yang Yonglong (2002) and Xing Xiangdong (2004) have successively explored its functions as a locative preposition, aspectual auxiliary and imperative modal particle. Luo Ziqun (2011) has investigated the geographical distribution and contact-induced evolution of “zhe”. Located in the Hexi Corridor, Zhangye has been deeply influenced by SOV-type languages. Drawing on the triggers of grammaticalization proposed by Jiang Lansheng (2016)—abnormal collocation and semantic redundancy—as well as the mechanism of contact-induced grammatical evolution put forward by Fan Xiaolei (2025), this paper explores the usages and grammaticalization process of “zhe” in the Zhangye dialect.