人工智能在高等中医药院校《针灸学》教学中的应用展望

Prospects for the Application of Artificial Intelligence in the Teaching of Acupuncture and Moxibustion in Institutions of Higher Learning for Chinese Medicine

摘要: 本文针对高等中医药院校《针灸学》腧穴与处方教学中“腧穴定位具象化不足、实操反馈滞后”“处方规律难提炼、经验难传承”的传统痛点，系统梳理人工智能技术的应用进展并提出发展方向。人工智能从多维度赋能教学：深度学习辅助腧穴可视化教学与实操偏差校正，传感器技术支撑腧穴实操标准化，数据挖掘提取临床与古籍中的处方规律，复杂网络分析明晰腧穴配伍逻辑，大语言模型为高等中医药院校学生提供个性化答疑与练习支持。同时指出当前存在教学数据标准化不足、高等中医药院校教师技术适配性低、学生过度依赖技术风险及伦理隐私问题等挑战，提出构建《针灸学》教学专用数据库、完善高等中医药院校教师“AI + 教学”培训、建立“AI + 教师”协同模式、推动“虚实结合”教学场景的路径，为高等中医药院校《针灸学》教学改革与AI融合提供参考，助力高等中医药教育现代化。

Abstract: This paper addresses the traditional pain points in the teaching of acupoints and prescriptions in the course Acupuncture and Moxibustion at institutions of higher learning for Chinese medicine, namely “insufficient visualization of acupoint location and delayed practical feedback” and “difficulty in extracting prescription patterns and challenges in inheriting experience”. It systematically reviews the application progress of artificial intelligence (AI) technology and proposes future development directions. AI empowers the teaching of Acupuncture and Moxibustion from multiple dimensions: deep learning assists in the visual teaching of acupoints and the correction of practical operation deviations; sensor technology supports the standardization of practical acupoint manipulation; data mining extracts prescription patterns from clinical practice and ancient medical literature; complex network analysis clarifies the logic of acupoint compatibility; and large language models (LLMs) provide personalized Q&A and practice support for students in institutions of higher learning for Chinese medicine. Meanwhile, the paper identifies current challenges, including insufficient standardization of teaching data, low technological adaptability of teachers in institutions of higher learning for Chinese medicine, the risk of students’ excessive reliance on technology, and ethical and privacy issues. Corresponding pathways are proposed: constructing a dedicated teaching database for Acupuncture and Moxibustion, improving “AI + Teaching” training for teachers in such institutions, establishing an “AI + Teacher” collaborative model, and promoting “virtual-real integration” teaching scenarios. This study provides a reference for the integration of AI into the teaching reform of Acupuncture and Moxibustion in institutions of higher learning for Chinese medicine, and contributes to the modernization of higher education in Chinese medicine.