核心素养导向下初中生物课堂高效教学策略探究

Research on Efficient Teaching Strategies of Junior High School Biology Classroom Oriented by Core Literacy

摘要: 随着《义务教育生物学课程标准(2022年版)》的全面实施，初中生物教学从传统的知识灌输模式转向以核心素养为核心的育人模式。新课标明确提出生命观念、科学思维、探究实践、社会责任四大核心素养，要求生物课堂立足学生认知规律，优化教学方法，构建高效、生动、生活化的生物课堂。当前初中生物教学中仍普遍存在教学模式固化、课堂趣味性不足、学生主体地位弱化、知识与生活脱节、探究教学流于形式等问题，导致学生学习兴趣不高、知识理解浅显、综合素养提升缓慢。为切实提升初中生物课堂教学质量，落实新课标育人要求，本文结合初中生物学科特点与初中生认知特点，分析现阶段生物课堂教学存在的突出问题，从情境教学、探究教学、生活化教学、分层教学、课堂评价五个维度提出具体可行的高效教学策略，并结合课堂教学实例展开实践论证，旨在为初中生物一线教学提供参考，助力学生生物核心素养全面发展。

Abstract: With the full implementation of the Biology Curriculum Standards for Compulsory Education (2022 Edition), junior high school biology teaching has shifted from the traditional knowledge-instilling mode to a talent-cultivation mode centered on core literacy. The new curriculum standard clearly puts forward four core literacies: life concept, scientific thinking, inquiry-based practice and social responsibility. It requires biology classrooms to base on students’ cognitive rules, optimize teaching methods, and build efficient, vivid and life-oriented biology classrooms. At present, common problems still exist in junior high school biology teaching, such as solidified teaching modes, insufficient classroom interest, weakened students’ dominant position, disconnection between knowledge and daily life, and formalized inquiry teaching. These problems result in students’ low learning interest, superficial understanding of knowledge and slow improvement of comprehensive literacy. To effectively improve the teaching quality of junior high school biology classrooms and fulfill the educational requirements of the new curriculum standard, this paper combines the subject characteristics of junior high school biology and the cognitive characteristics of junior high school students, analyzes the prominent problems in current biology classroom teaching, and puts forward feasible efficient teaching strategies from five dimensions: situational teaching, inquiry teaching, life-oriented teaching, layered teaching and classroom evaluation. Practical verification is carried out combined with classroom teaching cases, so as to provide references for frontline junior high school biology teaching and promote the all-round development of students’ biology core literacy.