7栋框架剪力墙结构楼群爆破拆除

Blasting Demolition of Seven Building Groups with Frame-Shear Wall Structure

摘要: 为安全爆破拆除复杂环境下7栋框架剪力墙结构住宅楼群，本文通过对建筑结构特性、周边保护目标和施工难点的分析，提出数码电子雷管孔内延时起爆、一次性爆破拆除7栋框架剪力墙结构楼房的技术方案。针对待拆建筑距高压线最近仅18 m，与架空管道最近距离仅20 m的复杂环境，采取了近爆体覆盖与重点部位遮挡相结合的多介质多层次组合飞散物防护方法，有效控制了爆破飞散物的运动方向和范围；针对楼房栋数多和地下结构需同时爆破的特点，通过多钻孔布设、分散装药优化等技术手段，配置6560枚电子雷管及31台起爆器，实现了7栋框架剪力墙结构楼群的多方向定向倒塌与精确延时起爆控制，峰值爆破振动和塌落振动速度远远小于安全阈值，达到了预期爆破效果，可为同类集群住宅建筑的快速安全拆除提供技术参考。

Abstract: To safely carry out the blasting demolition of seven clustered residential buildings with frame-shear wall structures in a complex environment, this paper analyzes the structural characteristics of the buildings, surrounding protected targets and construction difficulties. A technical scheme is proposed for the one-time blasting demolition of the seven frame-shear wall buildings by adopting in-hole delay initiation with digital electronic detonators. Facing the complex surrounding conditions where the nearest distance from the buildings to high-voltage power lines is only 18 m and merely 20 m to overhead pipelines, a multi-medium and multi-layer combined protection method for blasting flying debris is adopted. This method integrates coverage protection near the blasting mass with shielding protection for key parts, which effectively controls the moving direction and scattering range of blasting flying debris. Considering the large number of buildings and the requirement for simultaneous blasting of underground structures, technical measures including multi-borehole layout and optimized decoupled charging are applied. With the deployment of 6560 electronic detonators and 31 initiators, the collaborative control of multi-directional directional collapse and precise delay initiation is realized for the seven frame-shear wall building cluster. The peak velocities of blasting vibration and collapse vibration are far lower than the safety thresholds. The demolition achieves the expected blasting effect and can provide a technical reference for the rapid and safe demolition of similar clustered residential buildings.