不粘轮乳化沥青的制备及其性能研究

Preparation and Performance Study of Non-Stick Wheel Emulsified Asphalt

摘要: 当前乳化沥青在高温条件下粘附施工车辆车轮，易导致乳化沥青粘层油的层间粘结作用失效，从而使得路面结构的整体性下降，大大降低路面的使用寿命。本文采用50#基质沥青和多聚磷酸(PPA)改性剂制备不粘轮乳化沥青，以解决乳化沥青高温条件下的粘轮问题。通过测试乳化沥青蒸发残留物的软化点、储存稳定性等指标，分析了制备的不粘轮乳化沥青的理化性能。通过粘轮试验来验证不粘轮乳化沥青的粘轮性能，对比普通乳化沥青，在60℃高温条件下，不粘轮乳化沥青具有优异的不粘轮效果。通过对乳化沥青进行不同温度的层间剪切试验来研究其层间粘结性能，结果显示，在不同温度条件下，不粘轮乳化沥青的层间剪切强度均为最优；且在60℃高温条件下，不粘轮乳化沥青的层间剪切强度是普通乳化沥青的3.3倍。不粘轮乳化沥青的破乳速度快，可以大大缩减交通封闭时间，提高施工效率，节省工程成本。

Abstract: Currently, emulsified asphalt tends to adhere to the wheels of construction vehicles under high-temperature conditions, which easily leads to the failure of the interlayer bonding function of the emulsified asphalt tack coat, thereby reducing the structural integrity of the pavement and significantly shortening its service life. In this paper, a non-tracking (anti-wheel-tracking) emulsified asphalt was prepared using 50# base asphalt and polyphosphoric acid (PPA) as a modifier to address the wheel-tracking problem of emulsified asphalt at high temperatures. The physicochemical properties of the prepared non-tracking emulsified asphalt were analyzed by testing indicators such as the softening point and storage stability of its evaporation residue. A wheel-tracking test was conducted to verify the anti-tracking performance of the non-tracking emulsified asphalt. Compared with ordinary emulsified asphalt, the non-tracking emulsified asphalt exhibited excellent anti-tracking performance at a high temperature of 60˚C. Interlayer shear tests at different temperatures were performed to investigate the interlayer bonding performance of the emulsified asphalt. The results showed that the interlayer shear strength of the non-tracking emulsified asphalt was optimal at all tested temperatures; specifically, at 60˚C, its interlayer shear strength was 3.3 times that of ordinary emulsified asphalt. Moreover, the non-tracking emulsified asphalt features a rapid demulsification rate, which can greatly reduce road closure time, improve construction efficiency, and save engineering costs.