《自动控制理论》实验教学改革的探索与实践

Exploration and Practice of Experimental Teaching Reform in “Automatic Control Theory”

摘要: 针对《自动控制理论》课程概念抽象、理论性强以及传统实验教学难以有效支撑能力培养的问题，本文在分析国内外实验教学研究现状的基础上，依托EL-CAT-IV自动控制原理实验平台，构建了“基础型–综合设计型–创新探索型”三层递进式实验教学模式。教学中采用MATLAB仿真与实验现场操作相结合的虚实结合方式，以二阶系统阶跃响应分析和连续系统串联校正为例，设计了虚实融合的实验教学流程。在此基础上，以实验技能测试为核心，建立了过程考核、技能测试与创新探索三个维度的实验课程考核评价体系，并通过课程实验环节的达成度分析提出持续改进措施。教学改革实践表明，该模式有效提升了学生对抽象控制理论的理解能力、工程实践能力和创新探索能力，为自动控制理论实验教学改革提供了可借鉴的路径。

Abstract: For some problems, such as abstract concepts, highly theoretical, and the difficulty of effectively sup-porting ability cultivation by the traditional experimental teaching in the course of “Automatic Control Theory”, based on the analysis of the current status of experimental teaching research both domestically and internationally, a three-tier progressive experimental teaching model has been established, encompassing “basic type - comprehensive design type - innovative exploration type” relying on the EL-CAT-IV automatic control principle experimental platform in this paper. A virtual-real integration approach that combines MATLAB simulation with on-site experimental operation is adopted in the teaching. The step response analysis of a second-order system and the cascade correction of a continuous system and a virtual-real integrated experimental teaching process designation are used as examples. On this basis, with experimental skill testing as the core, an experimental course assessment and evaluation system is established, encompassing three dimensions: process assessment, skill testing, and innovative exploration. Continuous improvement measures are proposed through the analysis of the achievement level of the experimental course. The practice of teaching reform demonstrates that this model effectively enhances students’ understanding of abstract control theory, engineering practice ability, and innovative exploration ability, providing a reference path for the reform of automatic control theory experimental teaching.