生成式人工智能对高校文科教育的挑战与应对策略研究

Research on the Challenges and Coping Strategies of Generative AI to Liberal Arts Education in Colleges and Universities

摘要: 随着DeepSeek等生成式人工智能技术迅猛发展，高校文科教育面临前所未有的挑战与机遇。本文采用实验法、问卷调查法与文本分析法，构建“教–学”双维度分析框架，研究发现：生成式人工智能使得高校文科教师面临教学理念转型困难、人机协同边界模糊及评价体系异化等困境，学生则陷入知识繁杂筛选困境、技术依赖与创新弱化、技术非善与伦理淡薄。本文提出构建融合发展的治理与支持体系，培育以“人”为中心的数智素养，提升师生协同进化的核心能力，强调文科需在技术赋能中坚守人文关怀，实现技术赋能与学科价值坚守的动态平衡。

Abstract: With the rapid development of generative artificial intelligence (AI) technologies such as DeepSeek, liberal arts education in colleges and universities is facing unprecedented challenges and opportunities. Adopting experimental method, questionnaire survey method and text analysis method, this study constructs a dual-dimensional analytical framework of “teaching-learning”. The research finds that generative AI has brought dilemmas to liberal arts teachers in colleges and universities, including difficulties in transforming teaching concepts, vague boundaries of human-machine collaboration, and alienation of evaluation systems. For students, they are trapped in the dilemma of screening massive knowledge, technical dependence with weakened innovation, and lack of technical benevolence and ethical awareness. This study proposes to construct an integrated governance and support system, cultivate human-centered digital intelligence literacy, and enhance the core ability of collaborative evolution between teachers and students. It emphasizes that liberal arts should adhere to humanistic care in the process of technological empowerment, so as to achieve a dynamic balance between technological empowerment and the adherence to disciplinary values.