认知功能下降与中国老年人肌少症的关联性研究

Association between Cognitive Decline and Sarcopenia in Chinese Elderly

摘要: 目的：探讨中国老年人认知功能下降与肌少症之间的关联性。方法：选取中国健康与养老追踪调查(CHARLS) 2018年的60~85岁老年人80例，按随机数字表法分为观察组与对照组，各40例。观察组为认知功能下降(MMSE ≤ 23分)老年人，对照组为认知功能正常(MMSE ≥ 24分)老年人。比较两组肌少症检出率、握力、骨骼肌质量指数、步速及5次起坐时间，并分析认知功能与肌少症指标的相关性。结果：观察组肌少症检出率高(P < 0.05)；观察组握力、骨骼肌质量指数、步速均低，5次起坐时间长(P < 0.05)；相关性分析显示，MMSE评分与握力、骨骼肌质量指数呈正相关(P < 0.05)。结论：中国老年人认知功能下降与肌少症存在关联，认知功能下降老年人肌少症检出率更高，认知水平与肌少症相关指标存在相关性，本横断面研究尚不能证实二者存在因果关系。

Abstract: Objective: To explore the association between cognitive decline and sarcopenia in Chinese elderly. Methods: A total of 80 elderly subjects aged 60~85 years were selected from the 2018 wave of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). They were divided into an observation group and a control group with 40 cases in each group using the random number table method. The observation group consisted of elderly patients with cognitive decline (MMSE ≤ 23 points), while the control group included those with normal cognitive function (MMSE ≥ 24 points). The sarcopenia detection rate, grip strength, skeletal muscle mass index, gait speed and time for 5-times sit-to-stand test were compared between the two groups, and the correlation between cognitive function and sarcopenia-related indicators was analyzed. Results: The observation group had a higher sarcopenia detection rate (P < 0.05). The observation group showed lower grip strength, skeletal muscle mass index and gait speed, as well as longer time for 5-times sit-to-stand test (P < 0.05). Correlation analysis indicated that MMSE score was positively correlated with grip strength and skeletal muscle mass index (P < 0.05). Conclusion: There is an association between cognitive decline and sarcopenia in Chinese elderly. Older adults with cognitive decline have a higher detection rate of sarcopenia, and cognitive level is correlated with sarcopenia-related indicators. This cross-sectional study cannot confirm causal relationship between them.