健康老龄化视域下老年数字鸿沟的社会学成因与弥合策略

The Sociological Causes and Bridging Strategies of the Digital Divide among the Elderly from the Perspective of Healthy Aging

摘要: 当今社会，随着人口老龄化与数字化转型的深度交织，老年数字鸿沟逐渐成为阻碍健康老龄化目标落地的关键社会问题。本文立足社会学视角，以“接入沟–使用沟–知识沟”的三层分析框架为理论支撑，系统梳理老年数字鸿沟的现状并阐释了其对健康老龄化的多方面影响。形成老年数字鸿沟不仅仅是单纯的技术问题，还植根于累积性劣势的制度排斥、代际文化断裂与反向社会化阻滞、结构化的数字不平等，以及技术设计中的年龄偏见与话语排斥等多个层面。基于此，本文提出解决路径，健全制度兜底与老年权益保障，化解消除技术强制带来的生存风险，构建代际数字反哺与友好社区互助网络以发挥社会联结的健康保护功能，推动适老化技术改造与文化包容，构建全民友好的数字社会氛围。弥合老年数字鸿沟，不能仅停留在基础技术接入，更要构建一个不分年龄、人人共享的健康数字社会。

Abstract: In today’s society, with population aging and digital transformation deeply intertwined, the digital divide among older adults has gradually become a critical social issue that hinders the realization of healthy aging goals. Adopting a sociological perspective and drawing on the three-tier analytical framework of the “access divide, usage divide, and knowledge divide,” this paper systematically examines the current state of the elderly digital divide and explains its multifaceted impacts on healthy aging. The formation of this divide is not merely a technological problem; it is also rooted in institutional exclusion arising from cumulative disadvantage, intergenerational cultural rupture and blocked reverse socialization, structured digital inequality, as well as age bias and discursive exclusion in technological design. In response, this paper proposes pathways to bridge the divide: strengthening institutional safety nets and the protection of older adults’ rights to resolve and eliminate the survival risks imposed by technological coercion; building intergenerational digital reverse mentoring and age-friendly community mutual-aid networks to harness the health-protective function of social connections; and promoting age-friendly technological adaptation and cultural inclusiveness to foster a universally friendly digital social environment. Bridging the elderly digital divide must go beyond basic technology access, aiming to build a healthy digital society for all ages, shared by everyone.