马克思异化劳动理论及其当代价值

Marx’s Theory of Alienated Labor and Its Contemporary Value

摘要: 异化劳动理论是马克思《1844年经济学哲学手稿》的核心思想，是批判资本主义社会中劳动奴役人，物质统治人等社会现象的思想武器。现如今世界的发展、社会的变迁使得劳动人民的生活状况已不同于马克思写作《手稿》时期，但劳动异化问题却以不同的表现形式存在于生产生活之中，对人的自由全面发展形成阻碍，马克思异化劳动理论为解决当今社会问题提供了重要的现实启示。马克思扬弃了黑格尔和费尔巴哈等人的异化观，在《1844年经济学哲学手稿》这本著作中系统阐述了自己的异化劳动理论。在《手稿》中，马克思论证了异化劳动的四重规定，并指出异化劳动产生的根源，即私有财产；同时指出扬弃异化劳动的现实途径。在新时代，马克思的异化劳动理论仍然没有过时，对我国社会发展有着重要的价值。

Abstract: The theory of alienated labor is the core idea of Marx’s “Economic and Philosophical Manuscripts of 1844”, and it is an ideological weapon for criticizing social phenomena such as labor enslavement and material domination in capitalist society. The development of the world and the changes in society have made the living conditions of the working people different from those of the period when Marx wrote the manuscript. However, the problem of labor alienation exists in different forms in production and life, which hinders the comprehensive development of human freedom. Marx’s theory of alienated labor provides important practical inspiration for solving today’s social problems. Marx abandoned the alienation views of Hegel, Feuerbach, and others, and systematically expounded his theory of alienated labor in his work “Economic and Philosophical Manuscripts of 1844”. In the manuscript, Marx argued for the four fold rule of alienated labor and pointed out the root cause of alienated labor, which is private property; At the same time, it points out the practical way to abandon alienated labor. In the new era, Marx’s theory of alienated labor is still relevant and has important value for the development of Chinese society.