连州市生态公益林的保护、建设与可持续利用研究

Research on the Protection, Construction and Sustainable Utilization of Ecological Public Welfare Forests in Lianzhou City

摘要: 连州市坐落于南岭核心区域，其生态公益林是构筑粤北地区生态安全格局的关键屏障，对粤港澳大湾区生态缓冲、水源涵养及生物多样性保护具有不可替代的作用。为探索县域生态公益林高质量发展路径，本文以连州市生态公益林为研究对象，系统梳理区域自然基底、森林资源及林业产业发展现状，剖析当地生态公益林的林地结构、资源禀赋、建设短板等核心特征，辩证阐释保护、建设与利用三者的内在耦合关系。基于区域生态发展定位，明确生态保护、森林提质、生态惠民三大核心目标，确立生态优先、科学适度、因地制宜、惠民共享的开发利用准则，从常态化管护、精准化森林提质、多元化生态价值转化三个维度，提出适配连州市域特点的实操实施路径。研究旨在破解当地公益林林分结构单一、生态产品价值转化不足、产业体系不完善等现实问题，实现生态、社会、经济效益协同共赢，为粤北山地县域生态公益林管护与可持续发展提供实践参考与理论借鉴。

Abstract: Located in the core area of the Nanling Mountains, the ecological public welfare forests of Lianzhou City constitute a key barrier to the ecological security pattern of northern Guangdong and play an irreplaceable role in ecological buffering, water conservation, and biodiversity protection for the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area. To explore the high-quality development path of ecological public welfare forests at the county level, this paper takes the ecological public welfare forests of Lianzhou City as the research object. It systematically sorts out the regional natural foundation, forest resources, and forestry industry development status, and analyzes the core characteristics of local ecological public welfare forests, including forest land structure, resource endowments, and construction shortcomings. This paper dialectically explains the internal coupling relationship among forest protection, construction, and utilization. Based on the regional ecological development orientation, it defines three core goals of ecological protection, forest quality improvement, and ecological benefit for the people. It establishes the development and utilization principles of ecological priority, scientific moderation, adaptation to local conditions, and benefit sharing for the public. From three dimensions of normalized management and protection, targeted forest quality upgrading, and diversified ecological value transformation, this paper proposes practical implementation paths suitable for the territorial characteristics of Lianzhou. This study aims to solve practical problems such as the single forest stand structure, insufficient value transformation of ecological products, and imperfect industrial system of local ecological public welfare forests, achieve coordinated win-win outcomes in ecological, social, and economic benefits, and provide practical and theoretical references for the management protection and sustainable development of ecological public welfare forests in mountainous counties of northern Guangdong.