城市发展何以提升居民幸福感——基于长江中游城市的组态分析

How Can Urban Development Enhance Residents’ Well-Being?—Configuration Analysis Based on Cities in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River

摘要: 在城市高质量发展与民生福祉提升协同推进的背景下，提高居民幸福感对于城市高质量发展意义重大。本文以长江中游城市群28个地级市为对象，基于TOE框架，运用fsQCA方法，探究城市发展影响居民幸福感的多元组态路径。研究发现：(1) 居民幸福感受到多重因素并发影响，技术、组织、环境维度的单一条件均无法单独构成高(或非高)居民幸福感的必要条件。(2) 实现高居民幸福感的组态路径有4条，可归纳为三维协同、组织驱动、组织–环境联动三类模式，并且技术创新产出、产业组织结构、创业活跃程度、区域开放程度是重要前因条件。(3) 导致非高居民幸福感主要包括多维缺失、组织–环境缺失两种类型，技术创新产出、创业活跃程度、区域开放程度方面的短板成为主要限制性因素。据此，围绕重视从技术、组织、环境多维协同促进城市高质量发展，采取因地制宜差异化发展模式，强化区域一体化发展等方面提出了强化城市发展以提升居民幸福感的发展建议。

Abstract: Against the backdrop of the coordinated advancement of high-quality urban development and the improvement of people’s well-being, enhancing residents’ well-being carries great significance for high-quality urban development. This paper selects 28 prefecture-level cities in the urban agglomeration of the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River as research samples. Based on the TOE framework, it employs the fsQCA method to explore multiple configurational paths through which urban development affects residents’ well-being. The results show that: (1) Residents’ well-being is affected by the concurrent interplay of multiple factors, and no single condition from the technological, organizational, and environmental dimensions can independently constitute a necessary condition for high (or non-high) residents’ well-being. (2) There are four configurational paths leading to high residents’ well-being, which can be summarized into three modes: three-dimensional synergy, organization-driven mode, and organization-environment linkage. Technological innovation output, industrial organization structure, entrepreneurship activity, and regional openness serve as critical antecedent conditions. (3) Non-high residents’ well-being mainly stems from two types of configurations: multi-dimensional deficiency and organization-environment deficiency. Shortfalls in technological innovation output, entrepreneurship activity, and regional openness act as primary constraining factors. Accordingly, this paper puts forward suggestions to boost residents’ well-being via urban development, including attaching importance to promoting high-quality urban development through multi-dimensional synergy of technology, organization and environment, adopting differentiated development strategies tailored to local conditions, and strengthening regional integrated development.