累积生态风险对大学生健康危险行为的影响——一个有调节的中介模型

The Impact of Cumulative Ecological Risk on College Students’ Health Risk Behavior—A Moderated Mediation Model

摘要: 累积生态风险是指来自家庭、学校、同伴等社会生态环境中的能够对个体产生消极影响的多重风险因素。大学生正处于人生的关键阶段，往往更容易受到各种风险因素的影响，从而导致健康危险行为的出现。因此，本研究对622名大学生进行了问卷调查，探讨累积生态风险、消极自我图式以及内隐健康理论与大学生健康危险行为之间的关系，旨在为科学预防和有效干预大学生健康危险行为提供理论依据。结果显示：(1) 累积生态风险能够显著正向预测大学生的健康危险行为；(2) 消极自我图式是累积生态风险与健康危险行为之间的中介变量；(3) 累积生态风险通过消极自我图式对健康危险行为的间接效应受到内隐健康理论的调节，相对于持有健康增量理论的个体，间接效应对于持有健康实体理论的个体更显著，有调节的中介模型成立。

Abstract: Cumulative ecological risk refers to the accumulation of risk factors across an individual’s ecological environment, such as family, school, and peer influences, which may adversely affect the individual. Given that college students are at a critical stage of life and are often more vulnerable to various risk factors, resulting in health risk behaviors. Therefore, this study conducted a questionnaire survey on 622 college students to explore the relationships among cumulative ecological risks, negative self-schema, lay theories of health and the unhealthy behaviors of college students. The aim was to provide theoretical basis for scientific prevention and effective intervention of unhealthy behaviors among college students. The results showed that: (1) Cumulative ecological risk has a statistically significant positive predictive effect on health risk behavior among college students; (2) Negative self-schema serves as a mediator in the relationship between cumulative ecological risk and health risk behavior; (3) Cumulative ecological risk through negative self-schema on health risk behavior indirect effect is regulated by lay health theory, compared with the individuals with the health incremental theory, indirect effect is more significant for individuals holding the health entity theory, and the moderated mediating model is valid.