典型大面积水产养殖区土壤污染状况调查研究——以珠三角地区某鱼塘养殖地块为例

Investigation and Research on Soil Pollution Status in Typical Large-Scale Aquaculture Areas—A Case Study of a Fish Pond Aquaculture Plot in the Pearl River Delta Region

摘要: 水产养殖区(即鱼塘)在河网密布的珠三角地区具有典型代表性，是常见的调查对象之一。本文以珠三角地区某鱼塘养殖地块为例，开展大面积水产养殖区土壤污染状况调查，以期为同类地块的环境管理提供参考。通过收集资料及文献、现场踏勘及人员访谈等可知，地块历史上为鱼塘，鱼塘连片面积超过50亩，属于规模化养殖的情形。地块内不涉及工业用途、有毒有害物质储存与输送。地块内鱼塘开展挖塘填堤活动时，使用机械车辆进行地块内土方平衡。按照最保守原则，不排除地块内存在污染的可能性。特征污染物为石油烃。由采样检测可知，所检测的土壤、底泥、地下水和地表水样品均低于相应筛选值。结果表明该鱼塘养殖地块不属于污染地块。

Abstract: Aquaculture areas (i.e., fish ponds) are typically representative in Pearl River Delta region and are one of the common investigation targets. Taking a fish farming plot in the Pearl River Delta as an example, this paper conducts a large area soil pollution investigation of an aquaculture area, aiming to provide a reference for environmental management of similar sites. Through data and literature collection, on-site reconnaissance, and personnel interviews, it is known that the plot has historically been used as fish ponds, with contiguous pond area exceeding 50 mu, representing a large-scale farming scenario. The plot does not involve industrial use, or storage and transportation of toxic and hazardous substances. During the pond excavation and embankment construction activities, mechanical vehicles were used for earthwork balance within the plot. Following the most conservative principle, the possibility of contamination within the plot cannot be ruled out. The characteristic pollutant is petroleum hydrocarbons. Sampling and testing results show that all tested soil, sediment, groundwater, and surface water samples are below the respective screening values. The results indicate that this fish farming plot is not a contaminated site.