回忆类心理动词的辨析——以“回忆、回想、回顾、回首”为例

Distinguishing Recollective Psychological Verbs in Chinese—Taking “Huiyi, Huixiang, Huigu, and Huishou” as Examples

摘要: 回忆类动词在语义和句法上都存在差异。在语义上，这四个词语义上各有自己的侧重点，“回忆”侧重于情感怀念；“回想”侧重于思维活动；“回顾”侧重于经验总结；“回首”侧重于人生感慨。在句法上，它们所充当的句法成分、补语搭配、与时态助词的搭配以及否定形式等都存在差异。

Abstract: Recollective psychological verbs in Chinese exhibit differences in both semantic and syntactic aspects. Semantically, each of the four verbs has its own distinctive focus: huiyi “recall” emphasizes emotional reminiscence and nostalgic attachment; huixiang “think back” emphasizes cognitive and intellectual retrieval; huigu “look back” emphasizes the summarization of past experiences; and huishou “turn one’s head back” emphasizes reflections on life. Syntactically, they differ in terms of the syntactic constituents they can serve as, their collocational patterns with complements, their combinability with aspectual particles, and their negative forms, among other aspects.