人工智能时代下大学生素养提升与创新教学探索——以《金属学及热处理》课程为例

AI-Era College Student Competency Enhancement and Innovative Teaching Exploration—A Case of Metallography and Heat Treatment

摘要: 人工智能技术的快速发展正在改变高等教育的形态，对传统工科课程的教学模式与人才培养目标提出新的挑战。本文以辽宁科技大学冶金工程专业核心课程《金属学及热处理》为例，针对课程长期存在的知识抽象难理解、工艺试错成本高、教学内容更新滞后等现实困境。通过引入AI辅助教学、虚拟仿真实验平台和项目式研究任务，分析AI介入教学过程中学生认知行为的深层变化，探讨AI技术赋能与教育发展之间的内在联系，以期为传统工科课程在智能时代的转型提供参考。

Abstract: The rapid advancement of artificial intelligence is reshaping the landscape of higher education, posing new challenges to the teaching models and talent cultivation objectives of traditional engineering courses. Taking the core course “Metallography and Heat Treatment” for metallurgical engineering majors at University of Science and Technology Liaoning as a case study, this paper addresses the persistent practical difficulties in the course, including the abstract nature of theoretical knowledge, the high cost and risk of process trial-and-error, and the lag in updating teaching content with industry advancements. By introducing AI-assisted instruction, virtual simulation experiment platforms, and project-based research tasks, this study analyzes the deep-seated changes in students’ cognitive behaviors during the integration of AI into teaching and explores the intrinsic relationship between AI-enabled technological empowerment and educational development. The aim is to provide a reference for the transformation of traditional engineering courses in the intelligent era.