OBE框架下项目实践驱动《电路》课程教学模式系统化重构

Systematic Reconstruction of Project-Practice-Driven Teaching Model for Circuit Course under OBE Framework

摘要: 针对《电路》课程传统教学中教学目标导向模糊、理论与实践脱节、评价方式单一等问题，基于OBE (成果导向教育)理念，以项目实践教学法为核心驱动，对《电路》课程教学模式进行系统化重构。遵循“反向设计、正向实施”原则，从毕业要求出发反向设计课程目标，构建“基础验证–综合设计–工程创新”三层递进式项目实践任务体系，形成“理论讲授–仿真验证–实践操作”三维融合的教学组织流程，并建立涵盖过程性评价与终结性评价的多元化形成性评价体系。以“功率因数的提高”和“单相变压器原理”两个典型教学单元为案例，阐述项目实践驱动下的教学实施过程与评价方法。教学实践表明，重构后的教学模式有效提升了学生课程目标达成度(整体达成度由0.68提升至0.80)，显著增强了学生的工程实践能力和复杂工程问题求解能力，为应用型电子信息技术人才培养提供了可借鉴的教改路径。

Abstract: Aiming at the problems of vague teaching objectives, disconnection between theory and practice, and single evaluation methods in traditional Circuit course teaching, this paper systematically reconstructs the teaching model based on OBE (Outcomes-Based Education) concept and driven by project-based practical teaching method. Following the principle of “reverse design and forward implementation”, course objectives are reversely designed from graduation requirements. A three-level progressive project practice task system of “basic verification-comprehensive design-engineering innovation” is constructed, a three-dimensional integrated teaching process of “theoretical lecture-simulation verification-practical operation” is formed, and a diversified formative evaluation system covering process and summative evaluations is established. Taking two typical teaching units, “Improvement of Power Factor” and “Principle of Single-Phase Transformer”, as cases, the teaching implementation process and evaluation methods are elaborated. Teaching practice shows that the reconstructed model effectively improves students’ course objective achievement (overall achievement degree increased from 0.68 to 0.80), significantly enhances engineering practice ability and complex engineering problem-solving ability, providing a referable teaching reform path for cultivating applied electronic information technology talents.