秦皇岛休闲农业高质量发展与融合模式探究

High-Quality Development and Integrated Models of Leisure Agriculture in Qinhuangdao

摘要: 目的：在乡村全面振兴和秦皇岛建设国际一流旅游城市背景下，分析休闲农业由农业生产附加业态向农文旅深度融合产业转变的现实基础、融合模式、综合效益、主要困境与高质量发展路径。方法：综合2023~2026年河北省及秦皇岛市公开政策、新闻资料与中国知网可检索中文文献，在文献分析和产业链分析基础上，采用基于官方公开资料的嵌入式多案例比较，选取昌黎葡萄酒产业与酒庄体验、山海关大樱桃品牌与采摘、青龙官场梨花节三个典型场景，从资源嵌入、业态组合、运营主体、价值实现和联农带农等维度进行比较。结果：三类案例分别呈现“产业链延伸型”“品牌采摘联动型”和“节庆场景带动型”路径，表明秦皇岛已形成以滨海、长城、葡萄酒、特色林果、民宿和乡村节庆为支撑的多元休闲农业场景，但仍存在空间联动不足、农业参与深度不高、同质化经营、淡旺季差异明显、数字运营与品牌整合不足、利益联结不紧等问题。结论：应构建“特色农业 + 乡村旅游 + 文化体验 + 康养研学 + 数字营销”的复合模式，以精品线路和片区化运营整合资源，以分层品牌体系、数字平台和差异化联农带农机制提高价值留存率，实现农业增值、农民增收与乡村空间品质提升协同发展。

Abstract: Objective: This study examines the foundations, integrated models, benefits, constraints and upgrading paths of leisure agriculture in Qinhuangdao under comprehensive rural revitalization and the construction of an international tourism city. Methods: Public policies and news released in Hebei and Qinhuangdao from 2023 to 2026 were combined with Chinese academic literature. On the basis of literature review and industrial-chain analysis, an embedded multiple-case comparison using verifiable public materials was conducted on three representative settings: the Changli wine industry and winery experience, Shanhaiguan cherry branding and picking, and the Guanchang Pear Blossom Festival in Qinglong. The cases were compared in terms of resource embedding, business combinations, operating actors, value realization and farmer linkage. Results: The three cases respectively illustrate industrial-chain extension, brand-and-picking linkage, and festival-scene activation. Qinhuangdao has diversified leisure-agriculture scenes supported by coastal resources, the Great Wall, wine grapes, specialty fruits, rural homestays and festivals, but weaknesses remain in spatial coordination, agricultural participation, product differentiation, seasonality, digital operation, brand integration and benefit-sharing. Conclusion: A composite model integrating specialty agriculture, rural tourism, cultural experience, wellness and study tours, and digital marketing should be developed. Cluster operation, a tiered brand architecture, digital platforms and differentiated farmer-linkage mechanisms can improve local value retention and coordinate agricultural value-added, farmer income and rural spatial quality.