教育数字化对新时代大学生教育的影响、挑战与应对策略

The Impact, Challenges, and Coping Strategies of Digital Education on the Education of College Students in the New Era

摘要: 随着国家教育数字化战略行动的全面落地，人工智能、大数据、算法推送等数字技术深度融入高校教育教学全过程，重塑了新时代大学生的学习模式、认知逻辑与思想成长环境。新时代大学生成长于物质富足、经济繁荣的社会环境，家庭托举、社会稳定的成长背景使其普遍缺乏抗压历练，存在担当精神薄弱、责任意识缺失、抗挫折能力不足、人生目标模糊、进取动力匮乏等突出问题，衍生出“躺平”“啃老”、就业消极等诸多现实困境。教育数字化的普及为大学生教育带来双向变革：一方面，数字平台、智能题库、线上资源为学生拓展学习渠道、弥补课堂短板、丰富知识体系提供了便捷载体，成为思政教育提质增效的重要助推力；另一方面，部分大学生因思想认知不成熟、思辨能力薄弱，过度依赖网络碎片化知识与人工智能工具，片面认为网络资源优于课堂教学，轻视线下课程学习，滋生学术敷衍、课程懈怠等问题，冲击高校思政教育的真实性与权威性。同时，数字信息的碎片化、圈层化传播加剧了学生认知片面化、思维浅层化问题，导致思政价值引领出现偏差，学生片面将数字化工具视为投机取巧的便利载体，背离教育数字化赋能育人的核心初衷。本文立足新时代大学生群体特征与教育数字化发展前沿，系统剖析教育数字化对高校教育的双向冲击，深度梳理当前思政教育面临的现实挑战，深挖问题背后的社会成因、学生成因与教育成因，结合数智教育发展规律与教育的根本任务，提出针对性、可落地的纾解路径，旨在实现数字技术赋能优势最大化、负面冲击最小化，持续提升新时代大学生教育质量，助力青年学子实现全面发展、肩负时代使命。

Abstract: With the comprehensive implementation of the national digital education strategy, digital technologies such as artificial intelligence, big data, and algorithm-based content delivery have been deeply integrated into the entire process of higher education teaching, reshaping the learning mode, cognitive logic, and ideological growth environment of college students in the new era. Growing up in a materially affluent and economically prosperous social environment, college students in the new era generally lack stress resistance due to their upbringing in a family-supported and socially stable background. They exhibit prominent issues such as weak sense of responsibility, lack of responsibility awareness, insufficient ability to resist setbacks, vague life goals, and a lack of motivation to strive, which have given rise to many practical dilemmas such as “lying flat”, “dependent on parents”, and passive attitudes towards employment. The popularization of digital education has brought about bidirectional changes to college student education: on the one hand, digital platforms, intelligent question banks, and online resources provide convenient carriers for students to expand their learning channels, compensate for classroom shortcomings, and enrich their knowledge systems, becoming an important driving force for improving the quality and efficiency of ideological and political education; on the other hand, due to immature ideological cognition and weak critical thinking abilities, some college students rely excessively on fragmented online knowledge and artificial intelligence tools, unilaterally believing that online resources are superior to classroom teaching and underestimating offline course learning, which gives rise to issues such as academic perfunctory behavior and course slackness, impacting the authenticity and authority of ideological and political education in universities. Simultaneously, the fragmented and siloed dissemination of digital information exacerbates students’ cognitive one-sidedness and superficial thinking, leading to deviations in the value guidance of ideological and political education. Students unilaterally view digital tools as convenient carriers for opportunistic behavior, deviating from the core intention of digital education to empower and educate. Based on the characteristics of college students in the new era and the cutting-edge development of digital education, this paper systematically analyzes the bidirectional impacts of digital education on higher education, deeply sorts out the current practical challenges faced by ideological and political education, and delves into the social, student, and educational causes behind these issues. Combining the development laws of digital and intelligent education with the fundamental tasks of education, it proposes targeted and feasible solutions aimed at maximizing the advantages of digital technology and minimizing negative impacts, continuously improving the quality of education for college students in the new era, and helping young students achieve comprehensive development and shoulder the mission of the times.