石菖蒲提取物对LPS诱导认知障碍小鼠学习记忆能力及神经炎症的影响

Effects of Acorus tatarinowii Extract on Learning‑Memory Ability and Neuroinflammation in Mice with LPS‑Induced Cognitive Impairment

摘要: 目的：为观察石菖蒲提取物对LPS致认知障碍小鼠的学习记忆能力及脑组织TNF-α水平的影响。方法：雄性C57BL/6J小鼠40只，随机分配，组别为对照组、模型组、石菖蒲组、布洛芬组，除了对照组外均腹腔注射LPS (0.5 mg/kg，每周2次，共4周)进行造模，同时灌胃给药14天。通过旷场、Y迷宫和水迷宫检测小鼠行为学变化，行为学测试结束后取全脑组织，ELISA法检测小鼠脑组织TNF-α水平。结果：与模型组相比，石菖蒲组小鼠在水迷宫任务中的学习获得能力得到显著改善(P < 0.05)，脑TNF-α明显降低(P < 0.01)；布洛芬组TNF-α虽然降低幅度更大(P < 0.01)但行为学上改善不明显。结论：石菖蒲提取物可同时缓解LPS诱导的中枢炎症，并改善小鼠在水迷宫任务中的学习获得能力；而布洛芬的抗炎效果虽强于石菖蒲，但认知改善作用不明显，两者效应的差异提示石菖蒲的认知保护作用可能不完全依赖于抗炎通路。

Abstract: Objective: To study the effect of Acorus tatarinowii extract on the learning and memory ability and TNF-α levels in brain tissue of mice with LPS-induced cognitive impairment caused by LPS. Methods: Forty male C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into a control group, model group, Acorus tatarinowii group, and ibuprofen group. Except for the control group, all received intraperitoneal injections of LPS (0.5 mg/kg, twice a week, a total of 4 weeks) for modeling. At the same time, treatment was administered by gavage for 14 days. We checked changes in their behavior with open field test, Y-maze, and water maze. After behavioral testing, whole brain tissue was collected, and TNF-α levels in mouse brain tissue were detected by ELISA method. Results: Compared with the model group, the mice in the Acorus tatarinowii group showed significant improvements in learning acquisition in the water maze task (P < 0.05), while brain TNF-α was significantly reduced (P < 0.01). At the same time, although the reduction of ibuprofen group TNF-α is greater (P < 0.01), the behavioral improvement is not obvious. Conclusion: Acorus tatarinowii extract can both alleviate LPS-induced central nervous system inflammation and improve learning acquisition in mice in the water maze task. Although ibuprofen has a stronger anti-inflammatory effect than Acorus tatarinowii extract, its effect on cognitive improvement is not evident. The difference in the effects of the two treatments suggests that the cognitive protective effects of Acorus tatarinowii extract may not depend entirely on anti-inflammatory pathways.