从“大水漫灌”到“精准滴灌”：大学生受骗心理特征识别与思政干预

From “Extensive Flood-Irrigation” to “Precise Drip-Irrigation”: Identification of College Students’ Psychological Characteristics of Fraud Victimization and Ideological-Political Intervention

摘要: 电信网络诈骗持续高发，大学生因网络参与度高、社会经验不足，成为突出的易受骗群体。传统高校反诈教育多采用“大水漫灌”的全员宣传模式，普遍存在“知而不防”的现实困境。为破解传统反诈思政教育实效不足问题，剖析了传统反诈教育的现实表现与深层成因，探索基于受骗心理特征识别的大学生反诈“精准滴灌”思政干预路径，构建心理识别体系与分层分类干预框架。构建起多维的受骗心理识别路径，形成“纵向分级、横向分类”的精准干预策略。将心理特征识别贯穿预防、干预、恢复全流程，实现大学生反诈教育从同质化广泛宣传转向精准化思政干预，提升大学生风险判断与自我保护能力。

Abstract: Telecom and online fraud remains persistently prevalent. With high-level online engagement and insufficient social experience, college students have become prime targets for fraudsters. Traditional anti-fraud education in universities mostly adopts the “extensive flood-irrigation” model of universal publicity, which commonly faces the practical dilemma of “knowing about fraud yet failing to guard against it”. To address the inadequate effectiveness of conventional ideological-political-oriented anti-fraud education, this paper analyzes the practical manifestations and underlying causes of traditional anti-fraud education, explores the “precise drip-irrigation” ideological-political intervention approach for college students’ anti-fraud work based on the identification of psychological characteristics of fraud victimization, and establishes a psychological identification system as well as a hierarchical and categorized intervention framework. A multi-dimensional identification pathway for fraud-victim psychology is developed, giving rise to the precise intervention strategy of “vertical grading and horizontal categorization”. By integrating the identification of psychological characteristics into the whole process of prevention, intervention and recovery, college anti-fraud education can shift from homogeneous extensive publicity to targeted ideological-political intervention, so as to improve college students’ risk-judgment and self-protection capabilities.