稀土及关键矿产特色大学物理实验数智化改革路径

Digital and Intelligent Reform Pathways for University Physics Laboratory Teaching Featuring Rare Earths and Critical Minerals

摘要: 在教育数字化深入推进与稀土及关键矿产产业转型的双重背景下，培养兼具物理基础、数字素养、工程实践与创新能力的复合型人才成为行业特色高校的重要任务。大学物理实验作为理工科人才培养的重要基础实践课程，亟需在已有课程建设基础上进一步加强与特色专业、数智技术和工程实践的融合。本文依托国家一流本科课程，立足“需求导向、学生中心、数智融合、虚实协同、持续改进”五位一体改革理念，构建面向稀土及关键矿产领域的大学物理实验教学体系。以真实问题牵引重构分层实验内容，以AI全过程辅助贯通实验教学链，以虚实融合开放项目拓展自主探究，以科研成果教学转化丰富创新实验资源，以人机协同评价驱动教学持续改进。本文通过设计系统化改革路径，为行业特色高校大学物理实验的专业化、数智化改革提供可复制、可推广的方案，助力培养兼具家国情怀、实践能力和创新精神的复合型工程人才。

Abstract: Against the dual backdrop of advancing educational digitalization and the transformation of the rare earth and critical mineral industries, cultivating interdisciplinary engineering talent with a solid foundation in physics, digital literacy, practical engineering competence, and innovation capability has become an important mission for industry-oriented universities. As a fundamental practical course in science and engineering education, on the basis of existing course development the University Physics Laboratory needs to further integrate specialty programs, digital and intelligent technologies, and engineering practice. Building on a national first-class undergraduate course, this paper develops a University Physics Laboratory teaching system for rare earths and critical minerals based on an integrated five-dimensional framework of demand orientation, student-centered learning, digital-intelligence integration, virtual-physical collaboration, and continuous improvement. Real-world problems are used to restructure tiered experimental content; AI-enabled support connects the entire teaching process; virtual-physical open-ended projects promote independent inquiry; the translation of research outcomes enriches innovative laboratory resources; and human-AI collaborative assessment supports continuous teaching improvement. By formulating a systematic reform pathway, this paper provides a replicable and scalable approach to the discipline-specific and digital transformation of University Physics Laboratory teaching in industry-oriented universities, contributing to the cultivation of interdisciplinary engineering talent with a strong sense of national responsibility, practical competence, and an innovative spirit.