数智赋能在轨道交通专业实训体系建设与职教创新中的实践研究

Practical Research on Digital-Intelligence Empowerment in the Construction of Rail Transit Practical Training Systems and Vocational Education Innovation

摘要: 城市轨道交通运营服务专业岗位实操属性突出，行业安全规范严苛，岗位技能标准化程度高。传统实体实训模式普遍面临实训工位不足、高危故障场景难以复刻、设备损耗大、学生全员反复实操训练难以落地等教学痛点。本研究依托院校轨道交通实训室建设基础，紧扣上海地铁车站站务员上岗证应知应会、实操考核岗位标准，推动虚拟化、数字化实训改革创新，实现虚拟仿真平台与实体AFC设备、车站实训设备无缝互通，实现以真实地铁车站为原型完成1:1三维场景建模，覆盖票务处置、站台门操作、行车作业等岗位核心考核模块智慧教学融合管理体系。教学实践表明，虚实融合数智化实训体系能够有效对接企业岗位标准，破解传统实训瓶颈，打造智慧翻转课堂新模式，为轨道交通职业教育实训教学改革、高素质技能型人才培养提供可复制的实践路径。

Abstract: Job roles in urban rail transit operations and services are characterized by a strong emphasis on hands-on practice, strict industry safety standards, and a high degree of skill standardization. Traditional physical training models often face pedagogical challenges such as insufficient training stations, the difficulty of replicating high-risk fault scenarios, high equipment wear and tear, and the inability to implement comprehensive, repetitive hands-on training for all students. Leveraging existing rail transit training facilities, this study aligns closely with the competency requirements and practical assessment standards for Shanghai Metro station agents. It drives innovation through virtualization and digitalization, achieving seamless integration between virtual simulation platforms and physical equipment—such as Automatic Fare Collection (AFC) systems and station training hardware. The project utilizes real metro stations to create 1:1 3D scene models and establishes an integrated smart teaching and management system covering core assessment modules, including ticketing operations, platform screen door management, and train operation procedures. Teaching practice demonstrates that this digital-intelligent training system—integrating virtual and physical elements—effectively aligns with industry job standards and overcomes the bottlenecks of traditional training. It fosters a new “smart flipped classroom” model, providing a replicable pathway for reforming rail transit vocational training and cultivating high-quality, skilled professionals.