AI赋能还是桎梏？机器翻译的局限与译者的创造性应对

AI Empowerment or Constraint? The Limitations of Machine Translation and Creative Responses by Human Translators

摘要: 随着人工智能技术的飞速发展，机器翻译(Machine Translation, MT)正广泛应用于各类翻译实践中。尽管其在提升翻译效率、降低翻译成本方面具有明显优势，但其局限性依然显著，尤其在语言、文化、伦理等方面存在诸多问题。本文首先探讨机器翻译的主要限制，包括语言处理缺陷、文化适应困难及伦理争议；随后分析人类译者在AI时代如何通过译后编辑、创造性干预及角色转变等方式进行有效应对。文章最后展望未来翻译行业的发展趋势，认为人机协同模式将成为未来翻译实践的主流，译者的创造性将在技术辅助下得到进一步发挥。

Abstract: With the rapid advancement of artificial intelligence, Machine Translation (MT) has been widely adopted across various translation practices. While MT offers notable advantages in improving efficiency and reducing costs, its limitations remain significant, particularly in linguistic, cultural, and ethical dimensions. This paper first examines the major constraints of MT, including linguistic processing deficiencies, cultural adaptation difficulties, and ethical concerns. It then explores how human translators respond to these challenges in the AI era through post-editing, creative intervention, and role transformation. Finally, the paper discusses future trends in the translation industry, suggesting that human-machine collaboration will become the prevailing model, with translators’ creativity being further enhanced with the aid of technology.