叙事学视角下《达洛维夫人》节选翻译批评

A Translation Criticism of Excerpts from Mrs. Dalloway from the Perspective of Narratology

摘要: 本文以王树槐建构的文学翻译叙事批评模式为理论框架，采用规定性批评与描写性批评相结合的方法，以孙梁、苏美合译的《达洛维夫人》节选为研究对象，从叙事视角、话语/思想呈现、叙事时间、叙事距离和隐含作者五个维度，考察译文对伍尔夫意识流叙事学的再现程度。研究发现，该译本在表层语义传达和语言可读性方面总体较为通顺，但其以传统现实主义叙事逻辑规整现代主义意识流形式的翻译倾向，造成了较为系统的叙事偏移。本文认为，意识流小说的形式本身即参与意义生成，其翻译批评不能局限于词句层面的语义对等，还应关注译文是否忠实还原原文服务主题的核心叙事特征，以及译文改动的合理性与叙事效果，只有兼顾叙事等值与诗学等值，才能较为充分地再现原作的意识流特质与现代主义美学。

Abstract: This paper adopts Wang Shuhuai’s model of narrative criticism for literary translation as its theoretical framework. Combining prescriptive criticism and descriptive criticism, it takes the excerpt from Mrs. Dalloway co-translated by Sun Liang and Su Mei as the research object. From five dimensions—narrative perspective, speech/thought presentation, narrative time, narrative distance, and the implied author—this study investigates the extent to which the translation reproduces Woolf’s stream-of-consciousness narrative. The findings show that while the translation is generally smooth in surface semantic transfer and readability, its tendency to reshape modernist stream-of-consciousness form according to the logic of traditional realist narration leads to systematic narrative shifts. This paper argues that the form of stream-of-consciousness fiction itself participates in meaning generation. Translation criticism of such works should not be confined to lexical and syntactic semantic equivalence. It also needs to examine whether the translation faithfully reconstructs core narrative features that serve the original theme, as well as the rationality and narrative effect of translational modifications. Only by balancing narrative equivalence and poetic equivalence can the stream of consciousness qualities and modernist aesthetics of the original be adequately reproduced.