江苏油田伴生气净化处理研究与应用

Research and Application of Associated Gas Purification and Processing at Jiangsu Oilfield

摘要: 油田伴生气是原油开采中的副产物，是一种重要的非常规能源。近年来，随着页岩油的规模开发，油田伴生气产量逐年增加，但由于其含水、重烃、硫化氢等组分，杂质较多。伴生气里的烃组分，在收集过程中容易液化造成冻堵问题，甚至产生液击现象损坏压缩机，严重时可威胁人身安全，因此油田伴生气的回收和利用仍面对诸多挑战。本文旨在以江苏油田矿业开发有限公司天然气分公司伴生气回收项目为例，研究解决在油田伴生气回收过程中由于气体杂质导致的冻堵等一系列问题，通过优化工艺方案，对重烃组分进行不同程度液化处理，引进自控系统，极好地完成回收效率的提升，保障了油田产能的释放，提高能源利用同时提高了经济效益。

Abstract: Associated gas is a by-product of crude oil extraction and serves as an important unconventional energy source. In recent years, the large-scale development of shale oil has led to a steady increase in associated gas production; however, the gas contains significant impurities, including water, heavy hydrocarbons, and hydrogen sulfide. During the collection process, hydrocarbon components in the associated gas are prone to liquefaction, causing issues such as freeze-blocking and even liquid hammer—which can damage compressors and, in severe cases, pose safety risks to personnel. Consequently, the recovery and utilization of associated gas present numerous challenges. Taking the associated gas recovery project of the Natural Gas Branch of Jiangsu Oilfield Mining Development Co., Ltd. as a case study, this paper investigates solutions to problems—such as freeze-blocking—caused by gas impurities during the recovery process. By optimizing process schemes, implementing varying degrees of liquefaction treatment for heavy hydrocarbon components, and introducing automated control systems, the project successfully enhanced recovery efficiency, ensured the release of oilfield production capacity, and improved both energy utilization and economic returns.