医养结合视角下健康老龄化发展现状、趋势与政策优化探析

Analysis on the Current Situation, Development Trends and Policy Optimization of Healthy Aging Based on the Integrated Medical-Elderly Care Model

摘要: 健康老龄化是积极应对人口老龄化、实施健康中国战略的核心抓手。当前我国已迈入深度老龄化阶段，慢性病高发、失能群体扩大、城乡健康服务失衡、医养资源割裂等问题凸显。文章基于人口普查数据、国家政策文件，系统梳理我国健康老龄化发展现实成效与突出短板，研判人口结构、数字技术、区域分化、治理变革等发展趋势，同时从顶层制度统筹、分层分类服务供给、长期照护保险扩容、数字适老赋能、城乡均衡配置、多元协同治理六大维度提出政策优化路径，以期构建医养深度融合、城乡均衡普惠的健康老龄治理体系，为积极应对人口老龄化、推进中国式现代化提供理论与实践参考。

Abstract: Healthy aging serves as a core initiative to actively respond to population aging and implement the Healthy China Strategy. China has entered an era of deep aging, marked by a high prevalence of chronic diseases, a growing disabled elderly population, unbalanced distribution of health services between urban and rural areas, and disjointed medical and elderly care resources. Drawing on national population census data and official policy documents, this paper systematically sorts out the achievements and prominent deficiencies in the development of healthy aging in China. It further predicts development trends regarding demographic structure, digital technology, regional differentiation and governance transformation. From six dimensions including top-level institutional coordination, tiered and categorized service provision, the expansion of long-term care insurance, digital adaptation for the elderly, balanced urban-rural resource allocation, and multi-stakeholder collaborative governance, this study proposes policy optimization approaches. It aims to establish a governance system for healthy aging featuring in-depth integration of medical and elderly care as well as equitable services across urban and rural regions, offering theoretical and practical references for actively addressing population aging and advancing Chinese-style modernization.