积极老龄化视角下老年事务协助风险与优化路径研究

Research on Risks and Optimization Pathways of Elderly Affairs Assistance from the Perspective of Active Aging

摘要: 在积极老龄化背景下，老年人社会参与不断深化，其日常生活逐渐嵌入家庭、社区与数字平台构成的多元支持网络之中。随着事务复杂性与数字化程度的提升，老年事务协助行为日益普遍，但同时也伴随着信任依赖增强、信息不对称扩大以及多主体协作结构复杂化等问题。本文基于社会支持网络理论视角，从家庭、社区与数字平台三个维度剖析老年事务协助体系的运行机制，重点阐释非正式授权泛化、信息结构失衡、多层协作链条交织催生的结构性风险。研究发现，老年事务协助风险并非单纯个体失范行为，而是社会支持网络外延扩张、委托代理关系缺乏正式约束共同催生的系统性风险。基于此，本文提出优化社会支持网络结构、规范协作边界以及推进数字适老化治理等路径，以提升老年人社会参与的安全性与自主性。

Abstract: Against the backdrop of active ageing, the social participation of older adults continues to expand, and their daily lives are increasingly embedded within a multi-layered support network consisting of family, community, and digital platforms. With the growing complexity of daily affairs and the rapid advancement of digitalization, assistance in older adults’ daily affairs has become increasingly prevalent. However, this development has also intensified reliance on trust, widened information asymmetry, and increased the complexity of multi-actor collaborative structures. Drawing on social support network theory, this study examines the operational mechanisms of older adults’ affairs assistance across three dimensions: family, community, and digital platforms. It further explores the structural risks arising from the expansion of informal authorization, information asymmetry, and the accumulation of multi-layered collaborative relationships. The findings indicate that risks in older adults’ affairs assistance are not merely the result of individual behavioral deviations, but rather systemic outcomes shaped by the expansion of support networks and the informalization of principal-agent relationships. Based on these findings, this study proposes several optimization pathways, including restructuring social support networks, clarifying and standardizing collaborative boundaries, and advancing age-friendly digital governance. These measures aim to enhance both the security and autonomy of older adults’ social participation.