家庭生态理论视角下随迁农民工家庭亲子冲突分析与介入框架建构

A Family Ecological Perspective on Analysis of Parent-Child Conflict in Migrant Worker Families and the Construction of an Intervention Framework

摘要: 随迁农民工家庭是流动人口家庭化趋势下形成的重要社会单元，其亲子冲突因叠加城乡文化落差、父母高负荷工作、社会支持薄弱等多重压力而呈现出频次高、强度大、成因复杂的特点。现有研究多聚焦城市家庭与农村留守儿童，对处于中间地带的随迁家庭关注不足，且多以单一系统切入，缺乏整体性的生态视角。本文以家庭生态理论为分析框架，将随迁农民工家庭视为受微观、中观、外层、宏观及时间系统交互影响的动态生态系统，采用文本分析与理论分析的方法，剖析其亲子冲突的表现形态与生成机制，揭示冲突是多层系统耦合与传导的结果。在此基础上，从微观家庭赋能、中观系统联动、外层资源链接、宏观环境优化、时间维度跟进五个层面建构多层级的社会工作介入框架，并阐明各层面所对应的社工角色与专业依据。本文的理论贡献在于将家庭生态理论的系统互动与时间动态命题引入随迁家庭亲子冲突研究，提供一个兼具整合性与可操作性的分析介入框架，可为后续实证研究与实务干预提供理论参照。

Abstract: Rural migrant families have emerged as an important social unit in the context of the familization of population mobility in China. Parent-child conflict in such families is characterized by high frequency, high intensity, and complex causes, shaped by the compounding pressures of urban-rural cultural disparities, parents’ heavy workloads, and weak social support. Existing research has focused predominantly on urban families and rural left-behind children, paying insufficient attention to rural migrant families situated in between, and has tended to adopt a single-system approach that lacks a holistic ecological perspective. Drawing on family ecosystem theory as its analytical framework, this paper conceptualizes rural migrant families as dynamic ecosystems shaped by the interaction of micro-, meso-, exo-, macro-, and chrono-systems. Employing textual and theoretical analysis, it systematically examines the manifestations and generative mechanisms of parent-child conflict in rural migrant families, revealing that such conflict does not stem from any single factor but results from the coupling and transmission of multiple systems. On this basis, the paper constructs a multi-level social work intervention framework encompassing micro-level family empowerment, meso-level system linkage, exo-level resource connection, macro-level environmental optimization, and chrono-level follow-up, and elaborates the corresponding social work roles and professional rationale at each level. The theoretical contribution of this paper lies in introducing the system-interaction and temporal-dynamics propositions of family ecosystem theory into the study of parent-child conflict in rural migrant families, thereby offering an integrative and operationalizable analytical-intervention framework that can serve as a theoretical reference for future empirical research and practical intervention.