开源软件融入职业教育项目化教学的改革与实践

Reform and Practice of Integrating Open Source Software into Project-Based Teaching in Vocational Education

摘要: 针对当前高职物联网专业教学中存在的平台与产业脱节、协作能力培养缺失、项目成果缺乏持续改进机制等问题，本文提出并实践了“用开源–研开源–贡开源”三位一体的阶梯式育人模式。通过重构课程内容、设计阶梯式实践项目、建立课程与社区联动机制等举措，推动开发平台向Linux/鸿蒙转型、开发工具向开源工具链迁移、开发流程向团队协作转变、学生角色向社区贡献者跃升。改革实践表明，该模式在提升学生技术适配能力、团队协作水平和就业竞争力方面初步显现出积极成效，为职业教育开源人才培养提供了一条可供借鉴、尚待更多院校验证的路径。

Abstract: In response to the current issues in IoT major teaching at higher vocational colleges, such as the disconnection between platforms and industry, the lack of collaborative skills cultivation, and the absence of continuous improvement mechanisms for project outcomes, this paper proposes and implements a three-tiered educational model of “Using Open Source - Researching Open Source - Contributing to Open Source”. By reconstructing course content, designing stepped practical projects, and establishing a linkage mechanism between courses and open-source communities, we have promoted the transition of development platforms to Linux/HarmonyOS, the migration of development tools to open-source tool chains, the shift of development processes toward team collaboration, and the elevation of student roles to community contributors. Reform practices indicate that this model has initially demonstrated positive effectiveness in enhancing students’ technical adaptability, teamwork skills, and employability, thereby providing a referenceable pathway for cultivating open-source talent in vocational education, which awaits further validation by more institutions.