基于学情分析的工程伦理课程教学改革与创新实践

Teaching Reform and Innovative Practice of the Engineering Ethics Course Based on Learning Situation Analysis

摘要: 工程伦理教育是培养新时代卓越工程师的重要环节，但当前高校工程伦理课程普遍存在学情把握不准、教学方式与学生实际脱节等突出问题。本文以某地方高校机械工程学院硕士一年级学生为研究对象，通过问卷调查开展学情分析，并结合深度访谈与课程作业文本分析进行三角互证。课前调查发现，研究对象普遍存在工程伦理意识淡薄、职业价值观更侧重现实回报等特征。基于此，本文秉持“以文化人”理念，坚持以学生为中心，系统重构了工程伦理课程的教学目标与内容体系，创新了教学方法与思政融入路径，优化了课程考核方式。经过一学期的教学实践，问卷量化分析与质性分析结果共同显示，学生在职业价值观、工程伦理意识与责任担当认知等方面均发生显著正向转变，验证了教学设计的有效性，可为同类高校工程伦理课程改革提供借鉴。

Abstract: Engineering ethics education is an important part of cultivating outstanding engineers in the new era, but current engineering ethics courses in universities generally face prominent problems such as inaccurate understanding of students’ learning situations and a disconnect between teaching methods and students’ actual conditions. This study takes first-year master’s students in the School of Mechanical Engineering at a local university as the research subjects, conducts a learning situation analysis through a questionnaire survey, and triangulates the findings with in-depth interviews and textual analysis of course assignments. The pre-course survey found that the research subjects generally exhibited weak engineering ethics awareness and occupational values that placed greater emphasis on practical returns. On this basis, adhering to the concept of “educating people through culture” and a student-centered approach, this paper systematically reconstructed the teaching objectives and content system of the engineering ethics course, innovated teaching methods and pathways for integrating ideological and political education, and optimized the course assessment methods. After one semester of teaching practice, both quantitative questionnaire analysis and qualitative analysis showed that students underwent significant positive changes in occupational values, engineering ethics awareness, and the perception of responsibility, which verified the effectiveness of the instructional design and can provide reference for the reform of engineering ethics courses in similar universities.